The British nation a history / by George MWrong . igh treason, and imposed heavypenalties upon any of the Eng-lish who spoke the Irish tongue,or wore the Irish dress. Butthe old unrest and strife wenton for more than a century, andthen to bring Ireland more com-pletely under Englisli control,Henry VII had sent over SirEdward Poynings with a con-siderable army. He caused theIrish Parliament to pass in 1494the famous Poynings Act, bywhich the laws of the English Parliament were made validin Ireland, though it had a separate Parliament. The actalso surrendered the right of the Irish Parliament to
The British nation a history / by George MWrong . igh treason, and imposed heavypenalties upon any of the Eng-lish who spoke the Irish tongue,or wore the Irish dress. Butthe old unrest and strife wenton for more than a century, andthen to bring Ireland more com-pletely under Englisli control,Henry VII had sent over SirEdward Poynings with a con-siderable army. He caused theIrish Parliament to pass in 1494the famous Poynings Act, bywhich the laws of the English Parliament were made validin Ireland, though it had a separate Parliament. The actalso surrendered the right of the Irish Parliament to passany laws not previously approved by the king and his Eng-lish councils. With such precedents the resolute HenryVIII was certain to do in Ireland what he found he coulddo in England, though the two countries had widely dif-fering needs. The Irish monasteries were centres of civ-ilization in regions still half barbarous, yet they were deso-lated, and the relics of saints whom the Irish honouredwere burned publicly with every mark of Henry VIII, in Later Life. 288 THE BRITISH NATION Hen,ry summoned a Parliament at Dublin in 1540. Withall his despotism he showed the Tudor tact. In this Par-liament Irish chieftains sat side by side with the Anglo-Irish; Henry gave them titles in the English form, flat-tered them, invited them to London, and showed a realdesire to unite the Irish under stable government. Hetook the title of King of Ireland, which implied a rec-ognition of Irelands separate status, but his religiouspolicy left a wound wliich has not since been healed. The years 1544 and 1545 saw Henry again at war withFrance and Scotland. English plundering expeditions invaded Scotland, and Henry himself crossedcial policy. ^^ France, took Boulogne, and continued to hold it even after peace was made in tlie English war meant chiefly more taxes, and therewere many murmurs at the benevolences whicli Henryexacted. His financial policy was never wise. In 1529he ha
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