. Cultural chronology and change as reflected in the ceramics of the Virú Valley, Peru. Pottery -- Viru Valley, Peru; Mounds -- Peru Viru Valley; Viru Valley, Peru -- Antiquities. SITES AND EXCAVATIONS 85 them. Their \ertical position in the refuse would place them in very late Guanape but this e\idence is not reliable, since the\- may have been dug in as a cache. Possibh' their proximity to the stone bowl fragment in Level 6 (see below) strengthens the Late Guanape association. In any event, the possible time range is not very great. I agree with Larco Hoyle that st\listically they fit best w
. Cultural chronology and change as reflected in the ceramics of the Virú Valley, Peru. Pottery -- Viru Valley, Peru; Mounds -- Peru Viru Valley; Viru Valley, Peru -- Antiquities. SITES AND EXCAVATIONS 85 them. Their \ertical position in the refuse would place them in very late Guanape but this e\idence is not reliable, since the\- may have been dug in as a cache. Possibh' their proximity to the stone bowl fragment in Level 6 (see below) strengthens the Late Guanape association. In any event, the possible time range is not very great. I agree with Larco Hoyle that st\listically they fit best with Guafiape (Cupisnique). The third stone mace head (fig. 42, A) is carved in the form of a helical gear. It is 70 mm. in diameter and 35 mm. thick, with a biconically drilled hole 20 mm. in diameter. The fourth mace head (fig. 42, B) is doughnut- shaped, 70 mm. in diameter and 32 mm. thick, with a l)iconically drilled hole 22 mm. in diameter. The mano-shaped river cobl)le of granite (fig. 41, B) has an elongated oval shape with flattened edges and ends. It is 140 mm. long, 92 mm. wide, and 55 mm. thick. The top and bottom faces are well polished (more so than one would expect in an unaltered river cobi^le), l)ut the ends are lightK battered and the edges are smoothly abraded, as if from light pounding on the ends and rocking and rubbing on the edges. The tool was used not as a mano, that is, for grinding with a reciprocating motion, but for crushing of corn or other seeds l)y means of a pounding or rocking mo- FiG. 43. Mestizo woman near Machu Picchu grinding maize by rocker tion. Prol)ably it is a combination pestle and rocker. Use in a mortar would produce the battered ends, and rocking on a millstone would pro- duce the aijraded edges. A similar l)ut more elongated col)ble resting in a Cupisnique stone mortar is illustrated by Larco Hoyle (1941, fig. 130). The long edges appear to be flattened but it is impossil)lc to tell from the picture whether they are aijrad
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