. Compendium of meteorology. Meteorology. 308 THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE because of inaccuracies introduced in differentiating the pressure curves to obtain temperatures. Havens estimates that the pressure measurements permit the determination of an average temperature for a layer 20 km thick correct to within ±10K. The error for a 10- lan layer would be on the order of ±20K. The curves of actual temperature variation with altitude must, therefore, be regarded as only indicative. The double hump on curve (5), Fig. 8, appears to be real. Its presence was suspected in the reduction of data on other fl
. Compendium of meteorology. Meteorology. 308 THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE because of inaccuracies introduced in differentiating the pressure curves to obtain temperatures. Havens estimates that the pressure measurements permit the determination of an average temperature for a layer 20 km thick correct to within ±10K. The error for a 10- lan layer would be on the order of ±20K. The curves of actual temperature variation with altitude must, therefore, be regarded as only indicative. The double hump on curve (5), Fig. 8, appears to be real. Its presence was suspected in the reduction of data on other flights, and strongly suggests two distinct heating processes. The lower hump is due to ozone absorption in the ultraviolet above 2000 A. The upper hump may be due to oxygen absorption in the ultra- violet t el ow 2000 A. 125 100 ^ 75. 150 200 250 300 350 TEMPERATURE (°K) Pig. 8.—Temperatures calculated from pressures measured on rocket flights above White Sands Proving Ground, New Mexico. The points indicated by x with their probable errors are temperatures calculated from the ratio of stagna- tion pressure at the nose of the rocket to ambient pressure. Sea-level composition is assumed throughout. The curves in the drawing are: (1) 7 March 1947, 1123 MST; (2) 22 January 1948, 1313 MST; (3) 5 August 1948, 1837 MST; (4) 28 January 1949, 1020 MST; and (5) 3 May 1949, 0914 MST (taken from [10]). Also shown are: (6) Balloon flight shown in Fig. 1; and (7) Temperature distribution assumed b3' Pekeris for calcula- tion of atmospheric oscillations (taken from [14] Pekeris :Proc. roy. Soc.,{A) 158: 653 (1937), by permission of The Royal Society). The increase above 80 km indicated by the dotted extension of curve (1), Fig. 8, was drawn so as to have the average value of about 260K between 80 and 120 km. This average value, indicated at the 100-km level, is the sole calculated point on which the dotted portion of the curve is based. The heating of this atmospheric level is possibly d
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