. A course in civil government. popular government. Itis more desirable to understand the principles underlyingcivil life, and their development and application in gov-ernment, than to memorize discordant political facts. Thestudy of civics has a deeper significance than the merestudy of laws and law-makers, of offices and , it is true, are important, but they are of secondaryimportance, for they are merely the mediums and instru-ments in carrying on the work of government. Theproper study of civics should inspire a spirit of obedienceto the laws, and of respect for those in auth
. A course in civil government. popular government. Itis more desirable to understand the principles underlyingcivil life, and their development and application in gov-ernment, than to memorize discordant political facts. Thestudy of civics has a deeper significance than the merestudy of laws and law-makers, of offices and , it is true, are important, but they are of secondaryimportance, for they are merely the mediums and instru-ments in carrying on the work of government. Theproper study of civics should inspire a spirit of obedienceto the laws, and of respect for those in authority in thehome, in school, in local government, in the State and inthe Nation. It should inspire a spirit of patriotism, andtend to a better and purer citizenship, to a better and purergovernment. It is the earnest hope of the writer that this book mayhelp those who read it to understand more perfectly therights and the duties of American citizenship. FKANCIS NEWTON THOEPE. University of Pennsylvania, 1Philadelphia, Pa. >. PART FOUNDATIONS OF GOVEENMENT. CHAPTER. PAGE I. The Four Stages- of Society 7 II. The Four Groups of Eights 16 III. The Story of Political Eights in England ... 22 IV. The Story of Political Eights in Colonial America 35 PART II. LOCAL GOVEENMENT. V. The People and their Home Affairs; How the People Govern Themselves 44 VI. The State and the Territory 52 PART NATION. VII. The Law-makers and the Laws 64 VIII. What Congress may Do 77 IX. Powers Denied to Congress and to the States . 85 X. The President of the United States 93 XL The Executive Departments 103 XII. The Courts of Justice 114 XIII. The People and the Land 126 XIV. The People and the Money . 133 XV. The Citizen 141 XVI. The People in Politics . 146 XVII. The Nation 158 3 4 CONTENTS. PART PAPEES. PAGE The Mayflower Compact 164 The First Declaration of Eights 166 The Declaration of Independence 169 The Articles of Confederation 175 The Constitution of the United States 188
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