The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsbotany00gray Year: 1887 118 FRUIT, [section 14. ries, blackberries, the Magnolia fruit, etc. Moreover, Ibe ripened product of mauy flowers may be coiiipucted or grown together so as to form a single compound fniit. 347. Its kinds have therefore to be distinguished. Also various names of common use iu descriptive botany have to be mentioned and defined. 348. In respect to composition, accordingly, fruits may be classified into Simple, those which result from the ripening of a single pistil, and con- sist
The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsbotany00gray Year: 1887 118 FRUIT, [section 14. ries, blackberries, the Magnolia fruit, etc. Moreover, Ibe ripened product of mauy flowers may be coiiipucted or grown together so as to form a single compound fniit. 347. Its kinds have therefore to be distinguished. Also various names of common use iu descriptive botany have to be mentioned and defined. 348. In respect to composition, accordingly, fruits may be classified into Simple, those which result from the ripening of a single pistil, and con- sist only of the matured ovary, either by itself, as in a cherry, or with calyx-tul)e completely incorporated with it, as in a gooseberry or cranberry. Aggregate, when a cluster of carpels of tlie same flower are ci'owded into a mass ; as iu raspberries and blackberries. Accessor!/ or Anthocarpous, when the surroundings or supports of the pistil make up a part of the mass; as does the loose calyx changed into a fleshy and berry-like envelope of our Wintergreen „',«, V y (Gaultheria, Fig. 366, 367) and BuiralD- 4il/ ^A f=^ berry, which are otherwise simple fruits. In an aggregate fruit such as the straw- ^^^ ^''' berry the great mass is receptacle (Fig. 360, 368); and in the blackberry (Fig. 369) the juicy receptacle forms the central part of the savory mass. Multiple or Collective, when formed from several flowers consolidated into one mass, of which the common receptacle or axis of inflorescence, ^ the floral envelopes, and even the bracts, etc., make a part. A mul- berry (Fig. 408, which superficially much resembles a blackberry) is of this multiple sort. Aj)ine- apple is another ex- ample. 349. In respect to texture or consist- ence, fruits may be distinguished into three kinds, viz.: — Fleshy Fruits, those which are more or less soft and juicy throughout;
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