History of Rome, and of the Roman people, from its origin to the invasion of the barbarians . ool Thus by the unitedaction of the Emperor, themagistrates, and individuals,was organized in the cities anew and important service, —that of public instruction,which the Barbarians were nev-er able completely to first free, this instructionwas by degrees subordinatedto public authority, either thatof the Emperor or of themunicipal council. In a rescript dated 362, Julian says: As Icannot be present in every city, I forbid those who wish to giveinstruction, suddenly and rashly
History of Rome, and of the Roman people, from its origin to the invasion of the barbarians . ool Thus by the unitedaction of the Emperor, themagistrates, and individuals,was organized in the cities anew and important service, —that of public instruction,which the Barbarians were nev-er able completely to first free, this instructionwas by degrees subordinatedto public authority, either thatof the Emperor or of themunicipal council. In a rescript dated 362, Julian says: As Icannot be present in every city, I forbid those who wish to giveinstruction, suddenly and rashly to undertake this function. Letthe candidate be examined by the ordo, and, with the consent ofthe meliores, let him deserve that the curiales should pass a decree 1 Inprnoem. i. Had public professors from the earliest times public rations (annonae)1It is probable, since all the administration had them. In 37G, at Treves, the rhetor receivedthirty shares, the r/rimmaticus Latinus twenty, the yrammalicus Graecus twelve (Cod. 3, 11). a Epist. iv. 13. s From a Pompeian A SURGEON DRESSING A THE CITY. 109 in liis favor. A century earlier Gordian had already prescribedthis The same plan was followed Eor medical men. These liberalities on the part of the Emperors towards rhet-oricians, grammarians,2 and philosophers did not produce any gliterary works, for genius can alone do that; but the advantagesgranted, or rather officially recognized as due, to physicians showan aspect of the social life of antiquity which has been too muchleft in the shade. The practice of medicine, at first exercised bymagicians or religious impostors, was soon secularized. Hippocratesmade it a science ; and as it proved lucrative, many followed practitioners were found everywhere ; medical assistanceeven became a municipal service. Each Greek city had one ormore public medical men who visited the sick in the city andsuburbs. Each had also a large dispen
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