. A history of the United States of America, its people, and its institutions. ne was the ability of Washington and hisleading officers. The other was the attempt of the Britishto do too much. Instead of confining himself to the oneimportant duty of aiding Burgoyne, Howe proposed to takePhiladelphia first and help Burgoyne afterward. By at-tempting this double work he succeeded in ruining thewhole plan of campaign. Howe Sails to the Chesapeake.—Howe set out in Juneto cross New Jersey to Philadelphia. But he found Wash-ington so alert that he was obliged to give up this designand proceed by sea
. A history of the United States of America, its people, and its institutions. ne was the ability of Washington and hisleading officers. The other was the attempt of the Britishto do too much. Instead of confining himself to the oneimportant duty of aiding Burgoyne, Howe proposed to takePhiladelphia first and help Burgoyne afterward. By at-tempting this double work he succeeded in ruining thewhole plan of campaign. Howe Sails to the Chesapeake.—Howe set out in Juneto cross New Jersey to Philadelphia. But he found Wash-ington so alert that he was obliged to give up this designand proceed by sea. The summer was well gone by thetime he was ready to set sail. He had intended to go upthe Delaware, but, perhaps fearing obstructions in the river,he sailed for Chesapeake Bay instead, and landed his armyof eighteen thousand men at Elkton, Maryland.^ Thencehe started to march overland upon Philadelphia. ^ From Howes recently discovered papers it is learned that GeneralLee advised him to take Philadelphia, the rebel capital, which would THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE. 211. The Chew House. Brandywine and Germantown.—Washington made avigorous effort to check this march. With an army ofeleven thousand men he met Howe (September 11) onBrandywine proved too strong ^ •for him, and he wasdriven back with con-siderable loss. But thedefeat was not a seriousone, and Washington wasable to detain Howe fortwo weeks on his marchto Philadelphia. The British were not left unmolested in October 4, Washington attacked them at Germantown,just north of the city, and with considerable promise of suc-cess. But the British turned a large stone house (ChewsHouse) into a temporary fort, and by their fire stoppedthe American advance. A dense fog, in which two Ameri-can divisions fired into each other, completed the disaster,and a retreat became necessary. Aid for Burgoyne.—But Washington, though failing tosave Philadelphia, had given Howe so much trouble that hefelt it
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