. The chordates. Chordata. (.10 Comparative Morphology of Chordates of a circular constricting muscle (sphincter) situated in an inward- projecting circular fold of the wall of the tube. One of tli<' several ways whereby the secreting and absorbing surface of the intestine is increased is the formation of pouches or ceca protruding outward from the main tube. In Amniota the colon commonly produces one or more ceca which, with rare exceptions, arise just behind the ileocolic passage. A single short colic cecum. Fig. 186. Alimentary canal of rat (Mus decumanus), the greater part of the small
. The chordates. Chordata. (.10 Comparative Morphology of Chordates of a circular constricting muscle (sphincter) situated in an inward- projecting circular fold of the wall of the tube. One of tli<' several ways whereby the secreting and absorbing surface of the intestine is increased is the formation of pouches or ceca protruding outward from the main tube. In Amniota the colon commonly produces one or more ceca which, with rare exceptions, arise just behind the ileocolic passage. A single short colic cecum. Fig. 186. Alimentary canal of rat (Mus decumanus), the greater part of the small intestine being omitted, (c) Colon; (cm) cecum; (d) duodenum; (i) ileum; (o) esophagus. (Courtesy, Flower and Lydek- ker: '* Introduction to the Study of Mam- mals," London, & C. Black, Ltd.) appears in most reptiles, but there is none in crocodilians. Birds usually have two ceca at the anterior end of the short posterior intestine, and these may attain great length (p. 530). In mammals there is usually but one cecum (Figs. 485, 486). It is situated in close relation to the ileocolic valve, which, in fact, may become an ileocecal valve. But in rare cases (, the six-banded armadillo) there are two ceca, while a cecum is entirely lacking in the pangolin (Manis), the South American giant anteater (Myrmecophaga jubata), sloths, some cetaceans, some carnivores, and most bats. The Asiatic coney, Hyrax,has a moderately large cecum in the usual position and a pair of capacious ceca at a more. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Rand, Herbert W. (Herbert Wilbur), 1872-1960. Philadelphia : Blakiston
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