. A history of the vegetable kingdom; embracing the physiology of plants, with their uses to man and the lower animals, and their application in the arts, manufactures, and domestic economy. Illus. by several hundred figures. Botany; Botany, Economic; 1855. 34:6 HISTORY OF THE VKGETABLE KINGDOM. Botli currants and gooseberries are of very easy culture. They may be raised from slips, which is the usual mode of perpetuating varie- ties, or by all the other methods used in propa- gating shrubs and trees. New varieties are ob- tained from seed. Any good soft soil is suitable to them. A moist soft
. A history of the vegetable kingdom; embracing the physiology of plants, with their uses to man and the lower animals, and their application in the arts, manufactures, and domestic economy. Illus. by several hundred figures. Botany; Botany, Economic; 1855. 34:6 HISTORY OF THE VKGETABLE KINGDOM. Botli currants and gooseberries are of very easy culture. They may be raised from slips, which is the usual mode of perpetuating varie- ties, or by all the other methods used in propa- gating shrubs and trees. New varieties are ob- tained from seed. Any good soft soil is suitable to them. A moist soft soil is most favourable to the gooseberry. The bushes require a prun- ing twice a year. The gooseberry plant of four years old produces the largest and finest fruit; afterwards the fruit becomes smaller, though it increases in quantity. The fruit is produced not only on the shoots of last summer, and on shoots two or three years old, but also on spurs arising from the older branches along the sides. Many insects attack the gooseberry, such as the aphis, caterpillar, and saw fly. The currant moth, abraxas grossulariata, is a middle-sized moth, white, with numerous black spots. It deposits its eggs on the under side of both currant and goosebeny leaves. The gooseberry moth is ra- ther smaller, and feeds on the leaves of both slirubs. The saw fly, nematus rihesii, is still more destructive to the gooseberry. Early in jMarch this small fly, of a greenish colour, sha- greened with deep black tubercles, deposits a string of minute eggs along the under ribs of the lower leaves. A single fly will fill the ribs of many leaves. In ten days those eggs will be hatched into caterpillars; then after feeding vora- ciously on the leaves for about ten days more, they drop unto the ground, and change into the chry- salis state. In this state they remain for four- teen or fifteen days, when another fly is produced, Vi'hich mounts up and deposits a fresh progeny among the leaves. In this way the b
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