. Syllabus for a course of study in the evolution of the library in Europe and America. teachers and usually the only oneswho possessed the rudiments of an education. Chiefagents in the struggle against barbarism; preserv-ers of history (Anglo-S-xon Chronicle; Bede.)Therefore, what few books existed, to be found Monastic libraries. 1. Literature per se never the main object of the library;always a means to an end, this end being the conversionof paganism to Christianity. 2. Mature of books collected. a. Scriptures. b. Works of the fathers. c. Theological controversies. d. Leg


. Syllabus for a course of study in the evolution of the library in Europe and America. teachers and usually the only oneswho possessed the rudiments of an education. Chiefagents in the struggle against barbarism; preserv-ers of history (Anglo-S-xon Chronicle; Bede.)Therefore, what few books existed, to be found Monastic libraries. 1. Literature per se never the main object of the library;always a means to an end, this end being the conversionof paganism to Christianity. 2. Mature of books collected. a. Scriptures. b. Works of the fathers. c. Theological controversies. d. Legends of the saints. e. Attitude of monks towards pagan classics, hostile;palimpsests. 3. Orders of monks,a. Benedictine, founded in 6th century by St. Bene-dict; Monte Cassino, the parent monastery, whichsent out a long line of missionaries. St. Bene-dicts rule established libraries in each monas-tery. Under various names arising from reforms,this order preserved until after the close of theMiddle Ages. Order included monks and nuns; thelatter active in transcribing mss. Monasteries. -19- of Fleury,Molk, St. Gal noted for nee oftheir libraries,b. Augustinian. Also active in founding Genevieve of Arrangement of libraries. a. Books housed in cloister, nearest the churchbuilding. b. Later in ch: pter-house. c. In cas~s, with or without door~. d. Later kept on tables, because of great size;chained to table or shelf. e. Loans between different monasteries not Abbey an excellent illustration, (seeMadan. Books in manuscript.) III. Division by location. 1. Italy. a. Monte Cassino. (see II. 3. a.) Several times burned and rebuilt; still in exis-tence; contained pagan classics as well as theolog-ical works. b. Bobbio. Had famous collection of palimpsests, now inMilan. c. Pomposia. In Northern Italy; had a catalog dating from 11thcentury. 2. France. a. Fleury. Tax levied by abbot on all members of the monastic


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectlibraries, bookyear19