. History of Rome and of the Roman people, from its origin to the Invasion of the Barbarians;. c. Com-modities of China, India, and Tartary, wools, furs, precious stones,slaves, silks, Serican steel, were brought by way of the Oxus, theCaspian, and the Caucasian isthmus to Dioscurias, where thedealers of seventy nations met.^ The carpets and woven stuffs of Babylonia, the preciouscommodities of the East, brought by way of the Persian Arabia, and Central Syria, passed through Palmyra andThapsacus, and thence were carried to Mazaca on the Halys, andso on to Ephesus, the j^rincipal
. History of Rome and of the Roman people, from its origin to the Invasion of the Barbarians;. c. Com-modities of China, India, and Tartary, wools, furs, precious stones,slaves, silks, Serican steel, were brought by way of the Oxus, theCaspian, and the Caucasian isthmus to Dioscurias, where thedealers of seventy nations met.^ The carpets and woven stuffs of Babylonia, the preciouscommodities of the East, brought by way of the Persian Arabia, and Central Syria, passed through Palmyra andThapsacus, and thence were carried to Mazaca on the Halys, andso on to Ephesus, the j^rincipal commercial town of Asia, not-withstanding its poor harbor. The cities of Tanais, Panticapoeum,and Phanagoria upon the Palus Maeotis, occupied a correspondingposition towards the countries lying in their rear. The Scythiansbrought them wool, furs, slaves, and the gold of the Ural andthe Altai, in exchange for wines, stuffs, and the countless articlesbrought by the Greek merchants. Fisheries on a great scalewere made then, as now, in the muddy waters of the River Tanaisand the Palus If)mpoian painting (Roux, Herculanum. et Pompei, i., 1st series, pi. 43). - Iliny, //isl. Nal. vi. 5, l!l; .Stral)o, xi. 498. Bithynia sent into Italy cliecsos that wereliiglily valiiid (Iliny, iliiil. xi. IL). Iontns furnislieil .-iliiin, lUMcin, anil biiililiii^ woods(Ilor., ((inii. I. xiv. 11); ami Colclii» very well-teniprrcil iiuii (\fri;., (/mrt/. i. .W). ADMINISTRATION OF AUGUSTUS IN THE PROVINCES. 225 Phoenicia always furnished the Tyrian purple, which was soldat Rome for more than a thousand denarii a pound ($192) ; alsocedar-wood and oil, which were regarded as indestructible, so thatpriests often made statues of their gods of this wood, and poets,to secure immortality for theh* verses, rubbed with the oil theirpaper rolls, — ceclro digna locutus} Into Egypt and all the citiesalong the shores of the Red Sea Phoenicia exported the winesof Syria and Italy, besides much glass, whic
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