. Cell chemistry; a collection of papers dedicated to Otto Warburg on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Warburg, Otto Heinrich, 1883-; Biochemistry. VOL. 12 (1953) BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 15 THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF GLUCOSAMINE* by LUIS F. LELOIR and CARLOS E. CARDINI Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas, Fundacion Campoma Buenos Aires {Argentina). After the isolation of uridine-diphosphate-glucose (UDPG)^, a very similar com- pound (UDPAG) containing acetylglucosamine instead of glucose was found in yeast^. Considering the structural similarity of the two compounds and the coenzymic fun
. Cell chemistry; a collection of papers dedicated to Otto Warburg on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Warburg, Otto Heinrich, 1883-; Biochemistry. VOL. 12 (1953) BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 15 THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF GLUCOSAMINE* by LUIS F. LELOIR and CARLOS E. CARDINI Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas, Fundacion Campoma Buenos Aires {Argentina). After the isolation of uridine-diphosphate-glucose (UDPG)^, a very similar com- pound (UDPAG) containing acetylglucosamine instead of glucose was found in yeast^. Considering the structural similarity of the two compounds and the coenzymic function of UDPG in the transformation of galactose-i-phosphate into glucose-i-phosphate, it has been considered that UDPAG might be involved in the metabolism of hexosamine phosphates. Part of the plan of investigation consisted in a search for enzymes in some organism with a high hexosamine metabolism. Since molds should synthesize large amounts of glucosamine in order to build their cell walls, which contain chitin, ex- periments have been carried out with Neurospora crassa. While no information on a coenzymic function of UDPAG has been obtained several enzymes have been found. Besides a chitinase, the Neurospora extracts were found to contain the enzymes required for the following sequence of reactions: acetyl glutamine Hexose-6-phosphate -^ glncosaminc-6-phosphate glucose-1,6- diphosphate acetylglucosainine-6-phosphate > acetylglucosamine-1 -phosphate Reaction a and some preliminary studies on reaction b will be dealt with in this paper. As to reaction c, it has been detected by using synthetic acetylglucosamine-i- phosphate. Neurospora extracts were found to catalyze the transformation of this substance into acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate, but no such activity could be detected in rabbit muscle extracts. The interconversion of the acetylglucosamine phosphates is accelerated by glucose-i,6-diphosphate, a fact which bears a resemblance to its action on the mannose-^ and on t
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