. Lumbering in the sugar and yellow pine region of California . i M - Hi; ll * t Hi Z I?. LUMBERING IN PINE REGION OF CALIFORNIA. 21 The horse and harness equipment is substantially the same as forhorse skidding. Each swamper and knotter requires an ax and eachgopher an ax and shovel. Each bunching team requires a pair ofspreaders, a pair of tongs, and a rolling hook. Operation.—The operation begins with swamping, which mayconsist simply of moving the limbs out of the way or may involvecutting a broad road to each tree through thick manzanita and snow-brush. Where there is little or no underbr
. Lumbering in the sugar and yellow pine region of California . i M - Hi; ll * t Hi Z I?. LUMBERING IN PINE REGION OF CALIFORNIA. 21 The horse and harness equipment is substantially the same as forhorse skidding. Each swamper and knotter requires an ax and eachgopher an ax and shovel. Each bunching team requires a pair ofspreaders, a pair of tongs, and a rolling hook. Operation.—The operation begins with swamping, which mayconsist simply of moving the limbs out of the way or may involvecutting a broad road to each tree through thick manzanita and snow-brush. Where there is little or no underbrush, about one swamperis required to each two pairs of wheels, which means in a campturning out 120,000 daily a crew of four men at a daily labor cost of$10, or 8 cents per 1,000. In thick brush, a foreman and 16 men arerequired for an operation of the same size. The labor cost is $, or 32 cents per 1,000. Thus, the swamping cost is about asfollows: Stands without underbrush, 10 cents per 1,000; stands withheavy underbrush, 20 cents per 1,000; and stands with very heavyund
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectlumbering, bookyear19
