The Clyde from its source to the sea, its development as a navigable river, the rise and progress of marine engineering and shipbuilding on its banks, and the leading historical, geological, and meteorological features of the Clyde Valley . valley, and extendingto a depth of several thousand feet. The series consistsmainly of beds of coal, iron-stone, shales, and fire-clay,with their accompanying limestones and sandstones. The great fault already referred to as crossed bythe Rotten Calder has caused the downthrow of the efreatcoal-beds to a level with the lower deposits of the car-boniferous l
The Clyde from its source to the sea, its development as a navigable river, the rise and progress of marine engineering and shipbuilding on its banks, and the leading historical, geological, and meteorological features of the Clyde Valley . valley, and extendingto a depth of several thousand feet. The series consistsmainly of beds of coal, iron-stone, shales, and fire-clay,with their accompanying limestones and sandstones. The great fault already referred to as crossed bythe Rotten Calder has caused the downthrow of the efreatcoal-beds to a level with the lower deposits of the car-boniferous limestone, shown in a geological map of thedistrict by a sharp dividing line between the dark-coloured portion (the coal) and the bluish (the limestone).The amount of this displacement equals that of thethickness of the beds awanting, and has been estimatedat about 1500 feet. Speaking of the limestones to thesouth of Glasgow Mr. Bell (Rocks around Glasgow)says:— They are also often called the cement limestones,being largely used for cement and building purposes, asfrom a certain admixture of silica and alumina in theircomposition they have the property of setting witha firm band under water. The Orchard limestone is GEOLOGICAL. 43. 44 THE CLYDE: FROM SOURCE TO SEA. wrought at a short distance to the south of GiffnockQuarries. It is also wrought as the Lyoncross hme-stone at Nitshill and Barrhead, and is known as the William wood limestone near Cathcart. It is only athin bed, from 18 to 26 inches in thickness, but is ofexcellent quality, and has long been esteemed as a cementlimestone. Underneath it is a thin seam of coal, whichis used in calcining the stone. The Arden limestone,wrought extensively near Thornliebank and Barrhead,is in much greater mass, attaining a thickness of 8 to 10feet, in some places even more. Its equivalent to thenorth of the Clyde, in the Garnkirk district, is largelyused for iron-smelting. The varieties of coal, and varying condition and thick-ness of
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1888
