History of the United States from the earliest discovery of America to the end of 1902 . not become practically appealed for aid from privatecapitalists. Ezra Cornell, .of New York,, soon opened a short line in Boston forexhibition, following this .with a similarenterprise in New York City. The admis-sion fee was twelve and a half cents. Fewcared to pay even this trifle, so that theundertaking was hardly a success in eithercity. Amos Kendall then engaged as Morsesagent, and by dint of great effort securedsubscriptions for a line from New York toPhiladelphia, being obliged to sel
History of the United States from the earliest discovery of America to the end of 1902 . not become practically appealed for aid from privatecapitalists. Ezra Cornell, .of New York,, soon opened a short line in Boston forexhibition, following this .with a similarenterprise in New York City. The admis-sion fee was twelve and a half cents. Fewcared to pay even this trifle, so that theundertaking was hardly a success in eithercity. Amos Kendall then engaged as Morsesagent, and by dint of great effort securedsubscriptions for a line from New York toPhiladelphia, being obliged to sell theshares for one-half their face value. In-corporation was secured from the MarylandLegislature, under the first American char-ter, for the telegraph business. The linewas completed in 1845 to the Hudson oppo-site the upper end of Manhattan Island,and an effort made to insulate the wire and 278 THE YEARS OF SLAVERY [i860 connect with the city along the bottom ofthe river. This failed, and for some timemessages had to be taken over in 1846 the wire was carried on to Balti-. The First Teleg;raphic Instrument, as exhibited in 1837 by l^orse. more. In the same year Philadelphia andPittsburgh were connected by telegraph,New York and Albany, New York andBoston, Boston and Buffalo. The firstline in California was erected in 1853. i860] MATERIAL PROGRESS 279 In 1850 Hiram Sibley embarked in thetelegraph business. He bought the Housepatent, and next year organized the NewYork and Mississippi Valley TelegraphCompany. By 1853 or 1854, some twentycompanies had started, with a capital of
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