. Diseases of domesticated birds. Poultry; Poultry; Birds. 186 DISEASES OF DOMESTICATED BIRDS pearance. Surrounding this, there is a thin layer of infiltrated tis- sue. The smaller nodules contain a substance more resembling pus, and in these the microscopic study of sections most readily reveals the presence of tapeworm heads. The penetration of the intestinal wall by the heads induces infiltration and eventually results in the forma- tion of nodules. Diagnosis. The chief points to be relied upon in diagnosis are emaciation, excessive appetite and thirst together with the character- istic yel
. Diseases of domesticated birds. Poultry; Poultry; Birds. 186 DISEASES OF DOMESTICATED BIRDS pearance. Surrounding this, there is a thin layer of infiltrated tis- sue. The smaller nodules contain a substance more resembling pus, and in these the microscopic study of sections most readily reveals the presence of tapeworm heads. The penetration of the intestinal wall by the heads induces infiltration and eventually results in the forma- tion of nodules. Diagnosis. The chief points to be relied upon in diagnosis are emaciation, excessive appetite and thirst together with the character- istic yellowish-brown color of the The detection worm segments in the feces is best done by immersing the suspected white mass in water. If it consists of urates alone, it will be dissi- pated in fine granules, while the worm segments will be recognized as firm masses. Some of the general symptoms of unthriftiness are also indicative of nematode infestation, but in this case the birds often pass blood. Ultimate decision will rest upon the information. Fig. 27. Eymenolepis lanceolata. Natural size, in a medium state of extension. (Eailliet) yielded by an autopsy. The intestine should be opened while im- mersed in warm water, to facilitate recognition of the worms. They will be found attached to the mucosa, and vary in size from micro- scopic objects to worms four or five inches long. Treatment. Turpentine is held in high repute as a tseniafuge and has the additional advantage of expelling round worms also. The fowls are fasted for twenty-four hours during which time they should receive a dose of Epsom salts. One teaspoonful of salts is allowed for each bird, the whole being dissolved in warm water and mixed with mash. Greater accuracy of dosage will be assured if the dose is administered directly to each bird. The most convenient sys- tem of carrying out the vermifuge treatment is to withhold food in the morning and give the salts in the evening. The following morn-
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