The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world . fall-ing 10 feet, and forpiles held by friction,a penetration of threeinches under theblows of a 2,000-pound hammer fall-ing 15 feet. Theminimum distance be-tween centres usuallydepends upon thehardness of the sub-strata and the size ofthe butts. Sprucepiles may be advan-tageously driven 24inches between cen-tres, while large andlong piles ought notto be driven closer than 30 inches between cen-tres. Another factor that must be carefully con-
The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world . fall-ing 10 feet, and forpiles held by friction,a penetration of threeinches under theblows of a 2,000-pound hammer fall-ing 15 feet. Theminimum distance be-tween centres usuallydepends upon thehardness of the sub-strata and the size ofthe butts. Sprucepiles may be advan-tageously driven 24inches between cen-tres, while large andlong piles ought notto be driven closer than 30 inches between cen-tres. Another factor that must be carefully con-sidered is the supporting power of the soil as awhole. For example, if that power is equal totwo tons per square foot, and each pile is capa-ble of sustaining 18 tons, it is useless to placethe piles closer than three feet between connection with the use of timber piles inplaces where the durability of the timber isvery liable to be seriously impaired by the at-tacks of the Teredo worm, the latest practiceappears to favor the system of amoring themwith concrete. In such cases the timber pilesare usually driven in sets of three to a firm.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectencyclo, bookyear1908
