. Biochemistry of plants and animals, an introduction. Biochemistry. 394 ANIMAL BIOCHEMISTRY hydrosulfide. Another member of the group, mucoitin sulfate (page 70), is also comjjlexecl with proteins in the mucosa of the gastroin- testinal tract. Most tissues of normal adult animals do not take up sulfate readily. However, during healing of injuries the ion is incorporated in large amounts and must be important. Furthermore, normal diets always contain small amounts of many potentially poisonous compounds. Some of these are detoxified by esterification with sulfate and ex- creted as the sulfate
. Biochemistry of plants and animals, an introduction. Biochemistry. 394 ANIMAL BIOCHEMISTRY hydrosulfide. Another member of the group, mucoitin sulfate (page 70), is also comjjlexecl with proteins in the mucosa of the gastroin- testinal tract. Most tissues of normal adult animals do not take up sulfate readily. However, during healing of injuries the ion is incorporated in large amounts and must be important. Furthermore, normal diets always contain small amounts of many potentially poisonous compounds. Some of these are detoxified by esterification with sulfate and ex- creted as the sulfate esters. Animals possess enzymes catalyzing this reaction, illustrated thus:. / /-OH + S04= + H3O+ -^^^^^^ (^ j>âOSOa- + phenol phenylsulfate where the phenylsulfate appears in the urine with Na+. The sulfate reacting as shown above is first "activated" in that one or more intermediate compounds is formed with sufficient available free energy to drive the reaction forward. Active sulfate is believed to be analogous at least in part to ATP and to be a derivative of adenylic acid. 0~ O I II - 0, CHoOPâ0 âS~0 " â II II 0 0 HO OPOgH" active sulfate The need for sulfate in animal diets is uncertain, with reports both ways. Perhaps any requirement depends upon the developmental stage of the animal, the presence of wounds, the quantity of cations like Ca++ present that might precipitate sulfur compounds and S04=, and the total sulfur intake. Nevertheless, when present, dietary sulfate is utilized. For example, hens transfer radioactive sulfur from sidfate ion to the albumen of their eggs. Hence, S04= may or may not be essential in the diets of animals, but it is important in animal metabolism and certain organic sidfates are essential animal com- ponents. Zinc Microorganisms and plants require zinc. In fact certain soils are so low in available Zn++ that the growth of plants is severely Please note that these images are extracted from scanned p
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