. American X-ray journal . h stress cannot be laid on theimportance of at least recognizing all boneinjuries that involve articulating possibly serious after effects in thesecases should be sufficient excuse to war-rant their careful and systematic examin-ation by means of the x-rays. KASSABIAN.—INSTANTANEOUS SKIAGRAPHY. 41 Instantaneous Skiagraphy, BY MIHKAN K. KASSABIAN, M. D. I have chosen this subject for my pa-per because of the fact that this matter isvery largely misunderstood and henceneglected. The majority of x-ray opera-tors overexpose parts, and when I makemention of t
. American X-ray journal . h stress cannot be laid on theimportance of at least recognizing all boneinjuries that involve articulating possibly serious after effects in thesecases should be sufficient excuse to war-rant their careful and systematic examin-ation by means of the x-rays. KASSABIAN.—INSTANTANEOUS SKIAGRAPHY. 41 Instantaneous Skiagraphy, BY MIHKAN K. KASSABIAN, M. D. I have chosen this subject for my pa-per because of the fact that this matter isvery largely misunderstood and henceneglected. The majority of x-ray opera-tors overexpose parts, and when I makemention of this or demonstrate to themthe possibilities and advantages of rapidskiagraphy, they become exceedingly sur- we mean the process of taking skiagramsof any part of the body with very shortexposures. The time of exposure of oneoperator differs from that of another, sothat thus far no universal standard hasbeen attained. The time of exposure de-pends largely upon the size and characterof the apparatus employed, the degree of. TIME OF EXPOSURE, 1V2 SECONDS. prised. Many of the old timers refuseat first to believe that such a thing asinstantaneous skiagraphy is possible, andbecome converted only after seeing forthemselves. Strictly there is no such thing as in-stantaneous skiagraphy. By this phrase *Read by title at the Chicago Meeting of the AmericanRoentgen Ray Society, December 10-11, 1902. vacuum of the tube, and the thickness ofthe part to be skiagraphecl. The time ofexposure has gradually been reduced fromtwo hours (the time of exposure whenthe x-rays were discovered by Prof. Eoent-gen) to as many seconds, the time nowin vogue. The minimum time now usedby me in instantaneous skiagraphy isabout one second; this being the time re- THE AMERICAN X-RAY JOURNAL. quired to skiagraph the hand, and the timeexposures necessary to skiagraph suchparts of the body as the kidney, hip. skull,lung, vary in direct proportion withthe thickness of the parts. The followingtable will give y
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