A text-book of the diseases of the ear and adjacent organs . ight taken directly from a cloud,or sunlight reflected on to the mirrorfrom a bright wall, that from a bluesky being too dull. Artificial illumination is, however, preferable in dullweather. Illumination by direct sunlight, which, according to Luca3 canbe managed with a plane mirror, is of use in demonstrating exudations inthe tympanic cavity, and for the clearer appreciation of the vascular ramifi-cations and other minute changes in the membrana tympaui. When usin<rdiffuse daylight in brilliant sunny days, it is well to follow Wi
A text-book of the diseases of the ear and adjacent organs . ight taken directly from a cloud,or sunlight reflected on to the mirrorfrom a bright wall, that from a bluesky being too dull. Artificial illumination is, however, preferable in dullweather. Illumination by direct sunlight, which, according to Luca3 canbe managed with a plane mirror, is of use in demonstrating exudations inthe tympanic cavity, and for the clearer appreciation of the vascular ramifi-cations and other minute changes in the membrana tympaui. When usin<rdiffuse daylight in brilliant sunny days, it is well to follow Wintrichs adviceand admit the light through a moderately large opening in the closed shutters. Method of Otoscopy.—During the examination the head of thepatient must be placed so that the ear to be examined is turnedaway from the light, and the rays which fall on the concave mirrorat an angle of 45° may be reflected directly into the lumen ofthe external meatus, otherwise the head of the patient wouldprevent a portion of the rays from reaching the Fig. 67.—Posterior View of theConcave Mirror with Contrivancefor the Reception of a CorrectiveLens (half Size). 74 EXAMINATION OF EXTERNAL MEATUS AND MEMBRANA TYMPANI. To insert the speculum into the meatus, it is necessary with theleft fore and middle fingers to draw the auricle a little backwards,upwards, and also towards the observer, so that the axes of theosseous and cartilaginous portions of the meatus, which form anangle in their natural position, are brought into a straight line, thusrendering a free view of the membrana tympani possible. Then the speculum, slightly warmed, is inserted into the carti-laginous meatus with a slight rotatory movement by means of thethumb and forefinger of the right hand, far enough so that the hairswhich obstruct the view are completely turned aside. The intro-duction of the speculum, especially in the case of older persons, oftencauses a troublesome reflex cough, brought about by irr
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjecteardiseases, bookyear
