. The vegetable kingdom : or, The structure, classification, and uses of plants, illustrated upon the natural system. es of the anthers turn outwards ; thefourth row is scale-hke and abortive. The ovary isone-celled, and contains one ovule ; it extends up-wards into a short style with a simple stigma. Thefruit is a nut, coated by the succulent, enlaiged, andpermanent calyx; it contains a single seed withoutalbumen, an embryo with plano-convex cotyledons, andan inclosed superior radicle. The structm-e, then, is nearly that of Laurels, themain difference consisting in the fruit being inclosedin
. The vegetable kingdom : or, The structure, classification, and uses of plants, illustrated upon the natural system. es of the anthers turn outwards ; thefourth row is scale-hke and abortive. The ovary isone-celled, and contains one ovule ; it extends up-wards into a short style with a simple stigma. Thefruit is a nut, coated by the succulent, enlaiged, andpermanent calyx; it contains a single seed withoutalbumen, an embryo with plano-convex cotyledons, andan inclosed superior radicle. The structm-e, then, is nearly that of Laurels, themain difference consisting in the fruit being inclosedin a berried calyx. I formerly supposed that morevaUd distinctions existed, having i)een misled by adescription given by Nees v. Esenbeck. Mr. Gardiierhas, however, shown that this was very erroneous(Ifooheis Journal, 2. 26), and he entertains no doubtabout the identity of Laiuels and Dodder-Laurels. Itseems to me, however, better to keep them distinctimtil some connectmg liiik shall have been discovered,if there be such a thing. The species are found in the hottest parts of theworld. Nothing is known of theu ^2 S>^Fig. CCCLXVII. GENUS. Cassytha, L. Volutella, , Lour. Numbers. Gen. Sp. 9. Position.—Laurace&e. CuscutacecB ?-Cassythace^.- Fig. CCCLXVII. - Cassytha filiforrais. 1. a flower; 2. a fmit; 3. a section ef it transversely. RosALEs.] ROSALES. 539 Alliance XLII. ROSALES.—The Rosal Alliance. Diagnosis.—Perlgyno^ Exogeiis, with monodichlamydeous flowers, disthict carpels, sutu-red placenta, definite seeds, corolla, if present, polypetalous, and an amygdaloidJO with little or no albumen. The sequence of affinities seems to be broken when Daphnals are stationed nextRosals ; but if Calycanths are regarded as the equivalent among Rosals of PlumeNutmegs among ^lenispermals, the transition is not so violent ; for the relation ofLaurels to Plume Nutmegs is usually admitted, and therefore their affinity to Caly-canths must also be conceded. In fact, in
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