Nervous and mental diseases . y. Thus, then, there may be three processes by whichprimary hydrocephalus may be induced : hypersecretion in the ventric-ular spaces, occlusion of the foramina mentioned, and disorder of theabsorbent apparatus. An interesting study of the subject along thisline might be made. - Studien liber Kliuik und Pathologie der Idiotic, by C. Hammarberg, Upsala,1895 5^ 898 MENTAL DISEASES. When tile fluid begins to increase in the ventricles, these becomedilated, as a rule equally, occasionally unequally, from obliteration of theforamen of Monro. The dilatation may be restri
Nervous and mental diseases . y. Thus, then, there may be three processes by whichprimary hydrocephalus may be induced : hypersecretion in the ventric-ular spaces, occlusion of the foramina mentioned, and disorder of theabsorbent apparatus. An interesting study of the subject along thisline might be made. - Studien liber Kliuik und Pathologie der Idiotic, by C. Hammarberg, Upsala,1895 5^ 898 MENTAL DISEASES. When tile fluid begins to increase in the ventricles, these becomedilated, as a rule equally, occasionally unequally, from obliteration of theforamen of Monro. The dilatation may be restricted to the lateral ven-tricles, or may include the third and fourth also. With the distentionof the ventricles compression of the brain-substance takes place, givingrise to functional impairment of various kinds and degrees. Withincrease of pressure, atrophy of the compressed parts occurs. Theseptum between the ventricles may disappear and the brain-envelopebecome thin as paper, so that the hydrocephalus is like one enormous. Fig. 337.—Brain of a blind heraiplegic idiot. Atrophy and microgyria in both occipital lobes. (Seehistory of case, Proc. N. Y. Path. Soc, 1894, p. 98.) cyst filling the cranial cavity. The basal ganglia and brain-stembecome flattened. Examination of the cerebral envelope shows atrophyand degeneration of cells and fibers. The distention may go on untilthe cerebral tissues and the membranes vanish almost entirely. Theamount of fluid has been known to reach six, eight, ten, twenty, andeven twenty-seven pints. The following is an instance in point (a casefrom the Randalls Island Hospital for Idiots, the autopsy of which Ireported at the New York Pathological Society. See Proceedings,1894, p. 94) : A female child, aged eighteen months; hydrocephalus, whether IDIOCY. 899 congenital or acquired unascertained. Circumference of head, cm.;anteroposterior diameter, 18 cm. ; greatest transverse diameter, 15 cm.;naso-occipital arc, 32 cm. : binauricular arc, 34
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