. Tests of eighteen concrete columns reinforced with cast ozen spirals had failed. Considering the stress-strain diagram and the maximum stresscarried by the four types (Fig. iyA,i?),the columns with jointsappear to be the best, as the strength is greater, respectively, thanthat developed in the columns with the plain cast-iron tube andthe columns with the I section. The three types reinforced withcast iron withstood for the plain tube , for the tube with joint112, and the I section 91 per cent more than the reinforced col-umns (7 and 8) without cast iron. 2. COLUMNS OF THE SAME CRO
. Tests of eighteen concrete columns reinforced with cast ozen spirals had failed. Considering the stress-strain diagram and the maximum stresscarried by the four types (Fig. iyA,i?),the columns with jointsappear to be the best, as the strength is greater, respectively, thanthat developed in the columns with the plain cast-iron tube andthe columns with the I section. The three types reinforced withcast iron withstood for the plain tube , for the tube with joint112, and the I section 91 per cent more than the reinforced col-umns (7 and 8) without cast iron. 2. COLUMNS OF THE SAME CROSS SECTION AND DIFFERENT LENGTHS The stress-strain and load-strain diagrams are exactly similar,all the cross sections being the same (Fig. 18). As previouslyseen, column 3 is apparently defective in some way. From theothers nothing of much value can be concluded. Apparently thelength (within the limits of the columns constructed) does notaffect the initial modulus of elasticity, as would be expected fromtheory. 26 Technologic Papers of the Bureau of Standards. vg c e O
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