. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE % BULLETIN No. 925 v\8tvV^/ifi^ Contribution from the Bureau of Plant Industry ?\J SHS WM-A-TAYLOR'Chief Washington, D. C. PROFESSIONAL PAPER February 18, 1921 A BRACHYTIC VARIATION IN MAIZE. By J. H. Kempton, Assistant in Crop Acclimatization. CONTENTS. Page Definition of brachysm 1 Review of the literature 2 Origin and description of the varia- tion 2 Inheritance of other brachytic varia- tions 6 Morphological significance 8 Associated changes 9 Agricultural advantages 1
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE % BULLETIN No. 925 v\8tvV^/ifi^ Contribution from the Bureau of Plant Industry ?\J SHS WM-A-TAYLOR'Chief Washington, D. C. PROFESSIONAL PAPER February 18, 1921 A BRACHYTIC VARIATION IN MAIZE. By J. H. Kempton, Assistant in Crop Acclimatization. CONTENTS. Page Definition of brachysm 1 Review of the literature 2 Origin and description of the varia- tion 2 Inheritance of other brachytic varia- tions 6 Morphological significance 8 Associated changes 9 Agricultural advantages 11 Page. Inheritance of brachysm in hybrids with commercial varieties 14 Brachytic X Boone 14 Teratological variations 19 Ears ending in staminate spikes _ 20 Brachytic X Hopi 23 Conclusions 26 Literature cited 28 DEFINITION OF BRACHYSM. Practically all the organs of maize are subject to profound modifi- cation, with heritable variations the rule rather than the exception. Many of these variations are undesirable abnormalities, and a knowl- edge of their origin and inheritance is of practical importance chiefly as an aid to their elimination. Among the many variations, how- ever, one has appeared which gives promise of becoming of agricul- tural value, since it possesses several highly desirable features ad- vantageous for dry-land and irrigated conditions. This variation consists of a shortening of the internocles without a corresponding reduction in their number or in the number and size of other organs. (PI. I.) Variations of this nature are found in many agricultural plants, as, for example, the " bush " varieties of peas, beans, squashes, and tomatoes, and are popularly known as dwarfs. The distinction between this type of dwarfing and that in which many if not all of the organs have suffered a reduction in size has been pointed out by Cook (4),1 who studied similar variations in cotton and suggested the term brachysm for that type which in- volves a shortening of
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