. Cyclopedia of farm animals. Domestic animals; Animal products. 26 THE BREEDING OF ANIMALS of the testicle. In it can be seen the ripened eggs in the ovarian vesicles in various stages of develop- ment,âsome young, small and white, others older, large and yellow. The egg consists at first of the yolk or vitellus. In about six hours it reaches the lower third of the oviduct, surrounded by the albumen or " white of the egg," enveloped by a thin membrane in which calcareous matter is deposited to form the egg- shell. In about twenty-four hours it passes into the cloaca and thence to th
. Cyclopedia of farm animals. Domestic animals; Animal products. 26 THE BREEDING OF ANIMALS of the testicle. In it can be seen the ripened eggs in the ovarian vesicles in various stages of develop- ment,âsome young, small and white, others older, large and yellow. The egg consists at first of the yolk or vitellus. In about six hours it reaches the lower third of the oviduct, surrounded by the albumen or " white of the egg," enveloped by a thin membrane in which calcareous matter is deposited to form the egg- shell. In about twenty-four hours it passes into the cloaca and thence to the exterior. During incubation life is maintained by the white of the egg, and respiration takes place through the pores of the shell. The male is not necessary for egg- laying, but the non-fecundated egg will not hatch. Nor is a separate copulation required for every fertile egg laid. In some species of poultry cohabi- tation with the male for a limited time suffices for the remainder of the laying season. The urine. The urinary apparatus in fowls is simple. The kidneys are oval in form. The urine passes into the cloaca, and is discharged mixed with the feces. In all species except the ostrich, the cloaca replaces the bladder. Literature. Much valuable literature has been prepared on this subject. It is impossible here more than to suggest a few references. Robt. M. Smith, Physi- ology of the Domestic Animals; F. Smith, A Manual of Veterinary Physiology; Chauveau, A Compara- tive Anatomy of the Domesticated Animals: C. Cor- nevin, Traite de Zootechnie, Rev. Generate de Mede- cine Veterinaire ; Mills, Animal Physiology ; Prof. Dr. W. Ellenberger, Leisering's Atlas der Anatomie des Pferdes und der Ubrigen Haustiere [Figs. 18-20,22,24-26, adapted from Ellenberger's Atlas]. CHAPTER III THE BREEDING OF ANIMALS By EUGENE DAVENPORT MPROVEMENT OF DOMESTICATED ANIMALS means their increased capacity for service to man. This great fact of service gives the keynote to all breeding operati
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