. Java and her neighbours; a traveller's notes in Java Celebes, the Moluccas and Sumatra . sm which follow as a natural conse-quence of this, partly because of the relative in-accessibility of these lands to military operations,the territories included in the ancient empireof Mataram and its later successor, the empireof Solo, have always been the last in all Javato respond to the necessity for change, thelast to submit to the will of the conqueror orinvader. This great central state held fast to itsearlier gods and faiths long after the other Hindukingdoms, Madjapahit to the east and Padjad-j
. Java and her neighbours; a traveller's notes in Java Celebes, the Moluccas and Sumatra . sm which follow as a natural conse-quence of this, partly because of the relative in-accessibility of these lands to military operations,the territories included in the ancient empireof Mataram and its later successor, the empireof Solo, have always been the last in all Javato respond to the necessity for change, thelast to submit to the will of the conqueror orinvader. This great central state held fast to itsearlier gods and faiths long after the other Hindukingdoms, Madjapahit to the east and Padjad-jaram to the west, had surrendered to the doctrinesof the Koran; later, it held out with equal obsti-nacy against the extension of the Dutch dominion. As early as 1628, and again in 1660, we find theruler of Mataram engaged in desperate efforts todrive the Dutch from their stronghold at failure of these attempts seems to have dulyimpressed the native princes with the fightingability of the Dutch, for within a score of yearsthe aid of the latter was sought by the incumbent of. BY SEA TO SOERABAYA; SOLO 99 the Mataram throne in warding off a threatenedinvasion by another native ruler, the Sultan ofMacassar. This request for aid was readily accededto, and when the war clouds had cleared away,the Dutch, as reward for their services, obtainedtheir first foothold in the empire, the right toestablish a trading-post on the coast and to installtherein a small garrison. For the next half-century or more, native wars,rebellions, and revolts weakened the empire, andthe Dutch were able by the middle of the eight-eenth century to make themselves so necessary tothe sovereigns of Mataram that, when the founderof Soerakarta died, the Dutch East India Companywas in possession of the entire coast of the empireand practically the testamentary trustee for the hinterlands, for the company was left to decidewho should succeed to the throne,—the son andheir of the deceased monarch, or the
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