. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography 7. segah and cantillo Flameless Atomic Absorption 61 in Table I as being volatile" or involatile. The division between the two groups is not well defined by observation, and some elements may fall into the other group when atomization from a seawater matrix is attempted as opposed to atomization of the simple salts. Table I shows approximate detection limits obtainable for various elements in simple aqueous solution. In addition, the approximat
. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography 7. segah and cantillo Flameless Atomic Absorption 61 in Table I as being volatile" or involatile. The division between the two groups is not well defined by observation, and some elements may fall into the other group when atomization from a seawater matrix is attempted as opposed to atomization of the simple salts. Table I shows approximate detection limits obtainable for various elements in simple aqueous solution. In addition, the approximate concentrations of the elements in unpolluted seawater are fisted. A comparison reveals that, if detection limits comparable with those in distilled water can be obtained in seawater and if matrix effects can be compensated or eliminated, a number of elements could be determined by direct injection of seawater into the HGA-2100. Ui o z m < HGA-2000. HGA -2/00 I I 10 100 /igNaCI 1000 Figure 4. Absorhance of sodium chloride at nm without background correction using the HGA-2000 and the HGA-2100 atomizers An evaluation of direct analysis of seawater by the HGA-2100 was carried out for three elements with lower volatilities than the alkali metal chlorides (copper, iron, and manganese) and one element with higher volatility (cadmium). Analysis of seawater for each of these elements proved to be possible and sufficiently sensitive. However, a number of variables affect the analysis. These variables, in addition to the atomic absorption spectrophotometer settings, include the purge gas flow rate through the atomizer, the ashing temperature and time, the atomization temperature, the salinity of the sample, the volume of injection, and the changing surface properties of the graphite tube. To optimize the ana- lytical sensitivity and precision, the effect of each of these variables was investigated. Purge Gas Flow Rate The purge gas flow rate can be adjusted
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