. A history of Vermont, with the state constitution, geological and geographical notes, bibliography, chronology, statistical tables, maps, and illustrations. The sap yoke borne on strong shoulders FROM THE WAR OF 1812 TO THE CIVIL WAR 199 The beeches did not put forth their leaves again thatsummer. Ready money was never plenty, for barter of home-grown commodities had always taken its place. Butnow, with the shortage of crops, through the greaterpart of the year not a dollar could be raised in many aninterior town save from the sale of ashes. Ashes andsalts of ashes were about all that could


. A history of Vermont, with the state constitution, geological and geographical notes, bibliography, chronology, statistical tables, maps, and illustrations. The sap yoke borne on strong shoulders FROM THE WAR OF 1812 TO THE CIVIL WAR 199 The beeches did not put forth their leaves again thatsummer. Ready money was never plenty, for barter of home-grown commodities had always taken its place. Butnow, with the shortage of crops, through the greaterpart of the year not a dollar could be raised in many aninterior town save from the sale of ashes. Ashes andsalts of ashes were about all that could be forms of provisions were scarce and high; there wasno corn or rye except the little which could be broughtfrom a great distance. Some wheat was made use of. Ax Old Dugout Trough by harvesting it in the milk, drying it in ovens, andmashing it into a dough which could be baked or boiledlike rice. Fresh fish and all forms of vegetable lifewhich were wholesome w^ere eaten. At Swanton therewere ten fishing grounds between the falls and the lakewhere great seines were drawn, and hither came peopleto barter their maple sugar and other scanty resourcesfor fish. We hear of no outside relief ; we hear of nostarvation ; the settlers were self-sufficing. When the sun began to warm up the blood ofthe maples in spring our farmers began their sugar-ing, not in a comfortable sugarhouse with the modern 200 HISTORY OF VERMONT


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