A brief history of the nations and of their progress in civilization . nd elevated Otho, a profligate noble, to the throne; but hewas obliged to contend with a rival aspirant, Vitellius, com-mander of the German legions, who defeated him and becameemperor, 69. Vitellius was not only vicious, like hispredecessor, but was cowardly and inefficient. The Syrianand Egyptian legions refused to obey so worthless a ruler, andproclaimed their commander. Flavins Vespasian, as Vespasians general, Antonius, approached to Eome, A^itel-lius renounced the throne, and declared his readiness to
A brief history of the nations and of their progress in civilization . nd elevated Otho, a profligate noble, to the throne; but hewas obliged to contend with a rival aspirant, Vitellius, com-mander of the German legions, who defeated him and becameemperor, 69. Vitellius was not only vicious, like hispredecessor, but was cowardly and inefficient. The Syrianand Egyptian legions refused to obey so worthless a ruler, andproclaimed their commander. Flavins Vespasian, as Vespasians general, Antonius, approached to Eome, A^itel-lius renounced the throne, and declared his readiness to retireto private life. His adherents withstood him; and, in thestruggle that followed between the two parties in the city, theCapitoline Temple was burned. The Flavian army took Eome,and Vitellius was put to an ignominious death ( 69). CHAPTER XXX THE FLAVIANS AND THE ANTONINES Vespasian; the Jewish War. — Vespasian, tlie first in the listof good, emperors, restored discipline in the army, institutedreforms in the finances, and erected the Colosseum, the great. TuE Colosseum amphitheater for gladiatorial games. He put down a rebellionin Germany and carried on the war with the revolted Jewswhich began under Nero, by whom he was appointed to com-mand the Eoman forces. In 67 Galilee was Jewish historian Josephus was taken among the 70 the siege of Jerusalem commenced. The fall of thecity was accompanied by great destruction of life. At theother end of the empire, in Britain, Agricola was made gov-ernor in 78. His conquests extended as far north as the 182 FLAVIANS AND ANTONINES 183 Tyne and the Solway, and he built forts across the isthmusbetween England and Scotland. Titus ( 79-81).—Vespasian was succeeded by his sonTitus, who was mild in temper but voluptuous in his his reign a terrible fire and destructive pestilence atRome were regarded as punishments for the sins of the 79 an eruption of Vesuvius
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