Journal of electricity, power, and gas . Commissionsare expending a great deal of energy and time uponobtaining an equitable rate for power and light servicefurnished to the general public. The National Electric Light Association has em-ployed men to make extensive and theoretical analysisin order to substantiate the rates promulgated by thePublic Utility Corporations themselves, who are mem-bers of that association. Articles such as The Graphic Representation ofElectrical Rates, by H. E. Eisenmenger, publishedin the Journal of Electricity, Power and Gas, July20, 1912, is a specific attempt at
Journal of electricity, power, and gas . Commissionsare expending a great deal of energy and time uponobtaining an equitable rate for power and light servicefurnished to the general public. The National Electric Light Association has em-ployed men to make extensive and theoretical analysisin order to substantiate the rates promulgated by thePublic Utility Corporations themselves, who are mem-bers of that association. Articles such as The Graphic Representation ofElectrical Rates, by H. E. Eisenmenger, publishedin the Journal of Electricity, Power and Gas, July20, 1912, is a specific attempt at a theoretical expo-sition of a rate. Feeling that past endeavors have only resulted inspecific application of theoretical treatises on this sub-ject and that these were based upon arbitrary assump-tion, not in accordance with the physical conditionsinvolved, the following article has been submitted. In practical application the past endeavors seemto lead to establishing rates which force the small cus-tomer to bear the heaviest Fig. 1. It is not a far cry and we are rapidly approachingthe date when it will be necessary for our PublicUtility Commissions to establish a theoretical, prac-tical, universal and equitable method on which to baseall lighting and power rates, and not accept and en-dorse public utility corporations own self-devised anddefensive systems of obtaining these rates as sub-mitted to them. The same may be said of rates forgas. Fig. 1 represents a typical 24-hour load curve, taken at the substation, and therefore representingthe aggregate of all classes of service on the line. Theupper curve was taken in the winter, and the lowerin the summer. Fig. 2 illustrates the difference in service requiredby different classes of customers. A and B are strictlylighting loads, of residences and apartments, havingtwo pronounced peaks, a minor one in the morningbetween 7 and 9 a. m., and a major one between 5 andlip. m., with practically no intermediate load. Thebus
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