Ir̬ne Joliot-Curie, French Scientist
Joliot-Curie shown in full academic regalia on May 23, 1921, when she accepted an honorary degree at the University of Pennsylvania on behalf of her mother Marie Sklodowska Curie. Ir̬ne Joliot-Curie (September 12, 1897 - March 17, 1956) was a French scientist, the daughter of Marie Sklodowska-Curie and Pierre Curie. Her parents realized her obvious mathematical talent and decided she needed a more challenging environment. Marie joined forces with a number of eminent French scholars to form the Cooperative, where each contributed to educating one another's children in their respective homes. From 1912 to 1914 she attended the Faculty of Science at the Sorbonne, to complete her Baccalaureate, but her studies were interrupted by World War I. After the War, she returned to Paris to study at the Radium Institute, which had been built by her parents. In 1924 she was asked to teach the precise laboratory techniques to the young chemical engineer Fr̩d̩ric Joliot whom she would later marry (they hyphenated their surnames to Joliot-Curie). From 1928 they combined their research interests on the study of atomic nuclei. In 1934 they created radioactive nitrogen from boron and then radioactive isotopes of phosphorus from aluminum and silicon from magnesium. They were awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1935 for their discovery of artificial radioactivity. The years of working so closely with such deadly materials finally caught up with Joliot-Curie and she was diagnosed with leukemia. She died in 1956 at the age of 58.
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