. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. CHAP. II.—DIFFERENTIATION OF THE THALLUS.—FILAMENTOUS MYCELIA. 19 Careful investigations into the formation of the mycelia of distinct species of non- parasitic Fungi are to be found especially in Brefeld's Untersuchungen iiber Schim- melpilze. The formation of clamp-connections described above may be taken as an example of a peculiarity which is characteristic of the larger groups. It occurs, as far as we at present know, almost exclusively in the Basidiomycetes and chiefly
. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. CHAP. II.—DIFFERENTIATION OF THE THALLUS.—FILAMENTOUS MYCELIA. 19 Careful investigations into the formation of the mycelia of distinct species of non- parasitic Fungi are to be found especially in Brefeld's Untersuchungen iiber Schim- melpilze. The formation of clamp-connections described above may be taken as an example of a peculiarity which is characteristic of the larger groups. It occurs, as far as we at present know, almost exclusively in the Basidiomycetes and chiefly in the Agaricineae; it is found in the Tuberaceae, but apparently in no other Ascomycetes. Its occurrence in Peziza Sclerotiorum, as stated in my first edition, seems not to be confirmed in more. FIG. 6. a and b Podosphaera Castagnei, LeV. a epidermal cells of Melampyritm sylvaticum; a branched mycelial hypha is creeping over the surface and has sent a haustorium into one of the cells (surface view), b vertical section through epidermal cells with mycelial hypha and a haustorium which has penetrated into a cell, c a spore (gonidium) of Erysipke Umbelliferarum putting forth germ-tubes on the epidermis of Anthriscus sylvestris. The smaller germ-tube on the right is sending a haustorium from the lobed attachment-disk into an epidermal cell, a and b magn. 600, c 375 times. recent times. It is at present uncertain whether it is a feature of all the Basidiomycetes or only of all the Agaricineae, and the more so as according to Brefeld it is frequent in one species of the genus Coprinus, but comparatively rare in all the rest. A greater number of distinctly marked characters have been observed in the mycelia of parasitic Fungi, especially the Erysipheae, Peronosporeae, Uredineae, and Ustilagineae than in other forms, and they have been observed for a longer time. Such characters occur chiefly in the formation of the haustoria of many species and groups of species in those division
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