. Ports and terminal facilities . Fig. 89.—A perspective showing clearly the arrangement of dock girders and orefloor in the Cleveland dock built for the Detroit Iron and Steel Company. dock on the Lakes) was low-lying marsh, often half a footto two feet under water. The problem was to build a platformon this sponge which would carry a load of 7,000 lbs. per squarefoot, put upon it by the mountains of ore. The ore floor, 173. Fig. 90.—This shows the way the timber aocks fail. The weight of the oreforces them outward and upward. feet deep, is a reinforced concrete mat a foot thick, resting onpi
. Ports and terminal facilities . Fig. 89.—A perspective showing clearly the arrangement of dock girders and orefloor in the Cleveland dock built for the Detroit Iron and Steel Company. dock on the Lakes) was low-lying marsh, often half a footto two feet under water. The problem was to build a platformon this sponge which would carry a load of 7,000 lbs. per squarefoot, put upon it by the mountains of ore. The ore floor, 173. Fig. 90.—This shows the way the timber aocks fail. The weight of the oreforces them outward and upward. feet deep, is a reinforced concrete mat a foot thick, resting onpiles driven five feet on centers in both directions. Con-nected to this floor and forming an integral part of it is the wharf BULK FREIGHT 221 apron extending over the water to deep water. This consists oftwo massive reinforced concrete longitudinal girders, nine feethigh, the bottom flanges being five feet wide and the webs 16 inchesthick. The top flange of the outward girder is extended outwardas a 10-inch bracketed shelf, shoreward as a six-inch floor to theother girder. Supporting this floor and tying the girder to-gether are concrete beams, 10 feet on centers, 10 inches thick andfive feet deep. By giving the stock pile full support the tendencyto force the mud out from under the load and upwards at thewharf edge, thus completely deforming the wharf front and un-loading bridges, has been eliminated (Fig. 90). The
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectharbors, booksubjectr
