Annual report . to a blade, servedas the digging 1 Literally meaning corn plant, its fields female chief. 2 Use wooden hoes, Williams. Key, p. 130. Spades made of hard wood. Bossee. Travels Through Louisiana,p. 224 lis ont un instrument de bois fort dur, faict en facon dune 1 195. II leur suffit dun morceau de bois recourbe de trois doigts de largeur,attache a un long mauche qui leur sert a sarcler le terre et a la remuerlegerment Lafitau. Moeurs des Sauvages Ameriquains, II :/6. Use shoulder blade of a deer or a tortoise shell, sharpened on a stoneand fastened on a sti
Annual report . to a blade, servedas the digging 1 Literally meaning corn plant, its fields female chief. 2 Use wooden hoes, Williams. Key, p. 130. Spades made of hard wood. Bossee. Travels Through Louisiana,p. 224 lis ont un instrument de bois fort dur, faict en facon dune 1 195. II leur suffit dun morceau de bois recourbe de trois doigts de largeur,attache a un long mauche qui leur sert a sarcler le terre et a la remuerlegerment Lafitau. Moeurs des Sauvages Ameriquains, II :/6. Use shoulder blade of a deer or a tortoise shell, sharpened on a stoneand fastened on a stick instead of a hoe. Loskiel. Missions of NorthAmerica, p. 67. Performed the whole process of planting and hoeing with a small toolthat resembled in some respects a hoe with a very short handle. Seaver,Life of Mary Jemison, p. 70. Cf. Hakluyt. Voyages, III 1329. In order to sow Indian Corn they make Pick-Axes of Wood. A Con-tinuation of the New Discovery, Hennepin, Father L. Lond. 1698. IROQUOIS USES OF MAIZE 25. Fig. 1 Antler hoe blade (Cutis £ actual size.) The writer has found in various old sites pieces of flattened antler1see fig. 1] with one worn edge and the lower surfaces well polished which seem to have been hoe blades. Inthe Mississippi valley and often in NewYork hoe heads of picked and chippedstone were used. Where wooden hoes were used it isprobable that the digging ends were hard-ened in the fire by a semicharring of thesurface. Hardening in this manner wasusual where a resisting surface wasneeded. Thomas Hariot, a keen and reliableobserver though not always a good specu-lator, has left us in his Brief and TrueReport an excellent description of thecultivation of maize by the coastal In-dians of Virginia. In 1587 he writes: All the aforesaid commodities for victuals are set or sowed some-times in grounds apart and severally by themselves, but for the mostpart together in one ground mixtly: the manner thereof with thedressing and preparing of the ground, because I
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