A history of all nations from the earliest times; being a universal historical library . ince, Mindvog, in the siunmerof 12G1, was the signal of a newgeneral uprising of the Prus-sians. The unanimity and sud-denness of the revolt caused thestate of the Order to be overrunfor the moment. It had to giveup all its provinces with the ex-ception of its most importantfortresses. As its forces were insufficient to crush the uprising, Ger-many sent a crusading army for its support. The Order foiuid it theharder to overthrow the rebels because Mestwin, the duke of Ioni-erania, made common cause with th


A history of all nations from the earliest times; being a universal historical library . ince, Mindvog, in the siunmerof 12G1, was the signal of a newgeneral uprising of the Prus-sians. The unanimity and sud-denness of the revolt caused thestate of the Order to be overrunfor the moment. It had to giveup all its provinces with the ex-ception of its most importantfortresses. As its forces were insufficient to crush the uprising, Ger-many sent a crusading army for its support. The Order foiuid it theharder to overthrow the rebels because Mestwin, the duke of Ioni-erania, made common cause with them. The German knights hadfought for their existence almost a decade when the victories of themaishal of tlie Order, Conrad von Thierberg, turned the scale in theirfavor. In 1272 Pogesania was subjugated again. To secure com-munication with Pomesania and Kulmland, and tiie thoroughfarefrom the Vistula througli the Nogat to the Haff, tlie Order l>eganthe erection of the castle of Marienhurg, in 127-1:, on the heightsabove tiie right bank of the Nogat. Hut another decade was to pass. Fig. 161.— Obverseof the seal of the grandniasterof tlie Teutonic Order. Originalsize. Lej^end: S[igniuni]: MAG[ist]KI:GEXEÜAL: : S. MARIE:THEVT: t L-Ierusalenii-tani]. A|)iien<led to a charter i:f, l.!!». Archives of the Councilof Esthonia. (Toll collection.) REPEOPLING OF WASTED DISTRICTS. 381 before the subjugation was completed, under the land master Man-gold von Sternberg. The nature of the contest had almost depopu-lated the land. Most of the remaining people retreated to theimpenetrable forests and swamps. Still fewer nobles made peacewith their masters, so as to retain their old jjossessions or receivenew ones. The task of the Order now consisted in introducing in-habitants into the conquered districts who might lay the basis of anew and higher civilization. This was done in various ways. Someof the German crusaders simply remained and received estates,


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