. Outlines of zoology. sacred Indian apes (Semnapithecus), the AfricanColobus, and the proboscis monkey {Nasalis) of Borneo. Family 4. Anthropomorphid^ or SimiidjE ( = Anthropo-morph Catarrhina). Anthropoid Apes This family includes the Gibbons (Hylobates), the Orang{Simia), the Chimpanzees (Anthropopithecus), and the Gorilla{Gorilla). As they are most like man, they are calledAnthropoid. Along with the general Catarrhine characters the followingare noteworthy; The sternum is short and broad; thereare 16-18 dorso-lumbar vertebrae; the arms are longer thanthe legs; the hairs of the upper arm ar
. Outlines of zoology. sacred Indian apes (Semnapithecus), the AfricanColobus, and the proboscis monkey {Nasalis) of Borneo. Family 4. Anthropomorphid^ or SimiidjE ( = Anthropo-morph Catarrhina). Anthropoid Apes This family includes the Gibbons (Hylobates), the Orang{Simia), the Chimpanzees (Anthropopithecus), and the Gorilla{Gorilla). As they are most like man, they are calledAnthropoid. Along with the general Catarrhine characters the followingare noteworthy; The sternum is short and broad; thereare 16-18 dorso-lumbar vertebrae; the arms are longer thanthe legs; the hairs of the upper arm are directed down- ANTHROPOMORPHID^. 789 ?wards, those of the forearm upwards ; except the plantigradegibbons, the apes tend to walk on the edges of their feet;there are no cheek-pouches ; there are no ischial callositiesexcept in gibbons; the caecum has a vermiform appendix. The Gibbons {Hylobates) live in Asia, especially in the Malayanregion. The largest attains a height of 3 ft. They walk erect with A .^ P .7. Fig. 418.—Skull ot Orang-Utan. p., Parietal ;/.^ frontal ; sg., squamosal ; /., jugal ; in., maxilla. the hands reaching the ground. The skull is not prolonged into avertical crest. There is an os centrale in the carpus. The hallux iswell developed. The only flat nails are those of pollex and are 13 ribs and 18 dorso-lumbar vertebra. There are smallischial callosities,—the only instance in Anthropoids. They are mainlyarboreal in their habits. They feed on fruits, leaves, shoots, eggs, 790 MAMMALIA. young birds, spiders, and insects. Their voice is powerful, and onespecies (tlie Siamang) has a laryngeal sac. As regards teeth, thegibbons are most like man. Some authorities ranlc the gibbons in aseparate family apart from the three other Anthropoids. The Orangs {Siniia) live in swampy forests in Sumatra and males measure over 4 ft. They walk on their knuckles andon the outer edges of the feet. The skull is prolonged into a verticalcrest. T
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidcu3192, booksubjectzoology
