Elementary chemical microscopy (1921) Elementary chemical microscopy elementarychemi00cham Year: 1921 114 ELEMENTARY CHEMICAL MICROSCOPY ISteggB edge b, the beam of light must be lowered below b. If this is done, the beam of light R will lie too low to be focused, even if the lower lens of the objective is brought into actual contact with the upper surface of the object. In this case the beam lies beyond the working distance of the objec- tive. Should we attempt to bring R within the range W, as indicated in the lowest diagram, diffraction, refractions, reflections and disper- sions take plac
Elementary chemical microscopy (1921) Elementary chemical microscopy elementarychemi00cham Year: 1921 114 ELEMENTARY CHEMICAL MICROSCOPY ISteggB edge b, the beam of light must be lowered below b. If this is done, the beam of light R will lie too low to be focused, even if the lower lens of the objective is brought into actual contact with the upper surface of the object. In this case the beam lies beyond the working distance of the objec- tive. Should we attempt to bring R within the range W, as indicated in the lowest diagram, diffraction, refractions, reflections and disper- sions take place of such characters and to such degrees as to render the detection of micellae impossible. No suggestions as to optical com- binations or size and intensity of the illuminating light beam may be given which will be applicable to all materials. As in all other cases of microscopic investigation, the proper conditions must be experi- mentally ascertained for each prep- aration examined, but it is a safe rule to always avoid too large a slit and too high a magnification. For the slit ultramicroscope as made by Zeiss two objectives are ric 56. I he Necessity of having J Two Sides at Right Angles in the specially constructed, a dry 7 milli- Object for Ultramicroscopic Study, meter, achromatic objec- tive for the study of solids, and a millimeter water immersion of , for use with cells containing solutions. A good general outfit should include oculars, 1, 6, 8, 12 and 18. When polarized light is necessary in the study of colloidal reactions l a nicol prism as polarizer mounted upon a saddle stand is placed between the lens Ci and the slit S. The ana- 1 For a discussion and explanation of the behavior of colloidal particles in polar- ized light see: Garnett, Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. (A) 203 (1904) 385.
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