Geological and topographical maps, their interpretation and use, a handbook for the geologist and civil engineer . Figs. 2 and 3.—Examples of Hachure Shading. slope in the latter. It is therefore necessary, in additionto hachure shading, to print the heights of importantpoints, so as to enable a fair estimate of the relief of thedistrict to be made. In many of the maps of the Ordnance Survey the slopeof the ground is indicated by vertical hachures similar tothose in Fig. 3, and in the case of the more hilly districtsa very fair idea of the relief of the country is conveyed. Other types of shad
Geological and topographical maps, their interpretation and use, a handbook for the geologist and civil engineer . Figs. 2 and 3.—Examples of Hachure Shading. slope in the latter. It is therefore necessary, in additionto hachure shading, to print the heights of importantpoints, so as to enable a fair estimate of the relief of thedistrict to be made. In many of the maps of the Ordnance Survey the slopeof the ground is indicated by vertical hachures similar tothose in Fig. 3, and in the case of the more hilly districtsa very fair idea of the relief of the country is conveyed. Other types of shading, both in black and in colour,have from time to time been employed in the productionof relief maps, but it must be borne in mind that nosystem of shading, however elaborate, can do more thanindicate the general character of the surface with TOPOGRAPHICAL MAPS 5 furnishing any accurate means of measuring either slopesor heights, and therefore recourse is had, in all caseswhere accurate measurement is desired, to another system—viz. that of contouring. A contour line is one drawn upon a map through allpo
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