. Bulletin. Agriculture. 64 AMERICAN ROOT DRUGS. BURDOCK. Arctium lappa L. Synonym.—Lappa major Gaertn. Pharmacopceial name.—Lappa. Other common names.—Cockle-button, cuckold-dock, beggar's-buttons, hurr- bur, stick-button, bardock. bardane. (Fig. 25.) Habitat and range.—Burdock, one of our most common weeds, was introduced from the Old World. It grows along roadsides, in fields, pastures, and waste places, being very abundant in the Eastern and Central States and in some scattered localities in the West. Description of plant.—Farmers are only too well acquainted with this coarse, unsightly we
. Bulletin. Agriculture. 64 AMERICAN ROOT DRUGS. BURDOCK. Arctium lappa L. Synonym.—Lappa major Gaertn. Pharmacopceial name.—Lappa. Other common names.—Cockle-button, cuckold-dock, beggar's-buttons, hurr- bur, stick-button, bardock. bardane. (Fig. 25.) Habitat and range.—Burdock, one of our most common weeds, was introduced from the Old World. It grows along roadsides, in fields, pastures, and waste places, being very abundant in the Eastern and Central States and in some scattered localities in the West. Description of plant.—Farmers are only too well acquainted with this coarse, unsightly weed. During the first year of its growth this plant, which is a bi- ennial belonging to the aster family (Asteracete), produces only a rosette of large, thin leaves from a long tapering root. In the second year a round, fleshy, and branched stem is produced, the plant when full grown meas- uring from 3 to 7 feet in height. This stem is branched, grooved, and hairy, bearing very large leaves, the 1 o w e r ones often measuring 18 inches in length. The leaves are placed alternately on the stem, (jn long, solid, deeply furrowed leafstalks; they are thin in texture, smooth on the upper surface, pale and woolly underueatli: u s u a 1 1 y heart shaped, but sometimes I'oundish or oval, with even, wavy, or toothed margins. The flowers are not produced until the second year, appearing from July until frost. Burdock flowers are inu- ple. in small, clustered heads armed with hooked tips, and the spiny bui*s thus formed are a great pest, attaching themselves to clothing and to the wool and hair of animals. Burdock is a very prolific seed producer, one plant bearing as many as seeds. Description of root.—Burdock has ii fleshy taproot (fig. l'.'>). which, when dry. becomes scaly and wrinkled lengthwise and has a blackish brown or- grayish brown color on the outside, hard, breaking with a short, somewliat fleshy fracture, and showing the yellowish wood with a whit
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