. The Civil engineer and architect's journal, scientific and railway gazette. Architecture; Civil engineering; Science. 1S47.] THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 103 the materials. Various descriptions of stones were used,—the tufa of a reddish liue, and of a volcanic jiroduclioti, niucli used for the in- terior of walls, and[in reticulated and rubble walls;—pepperino, anotlier stone much used, also of volcanic production, but harder, and resisting the action of fire and the weather better tli;ai the tufa;—and tlie traver- tine, a stone much used in public edifices, calcareous, hard,
. The Civil engineer and architect's journal, scientific and railway gazette. Architecture; Civil engineering; Science. 1S47.] THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 103 the materials. Various descriptions of stones were used,—the tufa of a reddish liue, and of a volcanic jiroduclioti, niucli used for the in- terior of walls, and[in reticulated and rubble walls;—pepperino, anotlier stone much used, also of volcanic production, but harder, and resisting the action of fire and the weather better tli;ai the tufa;—and tlie traver- tine, a stone much used in public edifices, calcareous, hard, and of a yellow tint. The most ancient edifices of Rome were constructed of Albano stone, put together in squared blocks and united by metal cramps; it was also used in conjunction with the travertine stone, which from its greater hardness was used in those parts of an edifice most liable to injury, as arches, architraves, cornices, &c. Marble of various countries was also largely introduced in the public edifices of Rome. The Romans devoted much attention to pavements, which— " When used for floors, were highly decorated, much attention being required to prepare the soil to receive them, and to select the material of which they were formed. When on the ground, it was carefully examined, and rendered solid throughout, after which it was spread over with some dry material. When laid upon a timber floor, walls were not buUt under it, but a space left between it and the floor, that the drying and settling should be equal throughout. Holm timber was preferred to oak, being less likely to split and warp, and thus cause cracks. After the joists were laid, thin boards were fastened down to them by two nails, driven through the edges of each, which prevented their rising. Fern or straw was then spread over the whole, to prevent the lime coming in contact with the timber, which would have immediately caused it to decay. Over this was a layer of rubbish, the stones of wh
Size: 3848px × 650px
Photo credit: © The Book Worm / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., boo, bookcentury1800, booksubjectarchitecture, booksubjectscience
