The encyclopdia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information . rapidly diminishing in size become attached to the cardinal process,a space or prominence between the sockets in the dorsal accessory divaricators are, according to the same authority, apair of small muscles which have their ends attached to the ventralvalve, one on each side of the median line, a little behind the unitedbasis of the adductors, and again to the extreme point of the cardinalprocess. Two pairs of muscles, apparently connected with thepeduncle and its limited movements, have
The encyclopdia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information . rapidly diminishing in size become attached to the cardinal process,a space or prominence between the sockets in the dorsal accessory divaricators are, according to the same authority, apair of small muscles which have their ends attached to the ventralvalve, one on each side of the median line, a little behind the unitedbasis of the adductors, and again to the extreme point of the cardinalprocess. Two pairs of muscles, apparently connected with thepeduncle and its limited movements, have been minutely describedby Hancock as having one of their extremities attached to this dorsal adjustors are fixed to the ventral surface of the peduncle,and are again inserted into the hinge-plate in the smaller ventr(d adjustors are considered to pass from the inner extremity. Fig. 24.—Magellania [Waldheimia] flavescens. Diagram showingthe muscular system. (After Hancock.) M, Ventral, Z, Extremity of intestine. 5, Ventral adjustors. N, Dorsal valve, a. Adductor. 6, Peduncular muscles. /, Loop. c, Divaricators. b. Dorsal adjustors. V, Mouth. c. Accessory divaricators. P, Peduncle. of the_ peduncle, and to become attached bj; one pair of their ex-tremities to the ventral valve, one on each side and a little behindthe expanded base of the divaricators. The function of these musclps,according to the same authority, is not only that of erecting the shell;they serve also to_ attach the peduncle to the shell, and thus effectthe steadying of it upon the peduncle. By alternate contractingthey can cause a slight rotation of the animal in its stalk. Such is the general arrangement of the shell muscles in the divi-sion composing the articulated Brachiopoda, making allowance forcertain unimportant modifications observable in the animals com-posing the different famili
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectencyclo, bookyear1910
