Insect pests of farm, garden and orchard . othindered it they might have ruined all the crops of wheat in thenation. (Hinds Essay on Insects and Diseases Injurious toWheat Crops, page 76). It seems probable that it was firstintroduced into America near Quebec, where it appears to haveoccurred in 1819, and was first observed in the United States * Diplosis trilici. Family Cecidomyidce. See Bulletin No. 5, Vol. I 2dSer., Ohio Ag. Exp. Sta, F. M. Webster. 146 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD in northwestern Vermont in 1820. It did not become verydestructive, however, until 182S, from whic
Insect pests of farm, garden and orchard . othindered it they might have ruined all the crops of wheat in thenation. (Hinds Essay on Insects and Diseases Injurious toWheat Crops, page 76). It seems probable that it was firstintroduced into America near Quebec, where it appears to haveoccurred in 1819, and was first observed in the United States * Diplosis trilici. Family Cecidomyidce. See Bulletin No. 5, Vol. I 2dSer., Ohio Ag. Exp. Sta, F. M. Webster. 146 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD in northwestern Vermont in 1820. It did not become verydestructive, however, until 182S, from which time until 1835is kept increasing in such numbers as to cause the abandonmentof the wheat crops in some localities throughout northern NewEngland. Serious damage was reported as due to this pestevery few years until al^out 1860, being most severe in 1854, inwhich year Dr. Fitch estimated the loss in New York alone at$15,000,000, and in 1857, and 1858. Since then no widespreadinjury has occurred, though local outbi-eaks are frequent, and. Fig. 106.—Wheat-midge {Diplosis tritici): a, female fly; b, male fly; c, larvafrom l)elo\v. (After Marlatt, U. S. Dept. Agr.) it has spread south to the Ciulf States and westward to Iowa,Minnesota, and Arkansas. Life History.—The adult flies are small, two-winged insects,about an eighth of an inch long, of a yellow or orange appear about the middle of June and lay the eggs in asmall cavity at the summit of, and formed by a groove in, theoutmost chaff covering the incipient kernel. They hatch inabout a week, according to Dr. Fitch, and the maggots burrowinto the forming kernels. The maggots are of a reddish color,and when an ear is badly infested give it a reddish tinge, onaccount of which the insect is often called the red weevil. INSECTS INJURIOUS TO SMALL GRAINS 147 When full grown the larvae enter the ground and usuallyform cocoons, in which they pass the winter in the pupal stage?though they often hibernate without such pro
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