. The changing Illinois environment : critical trends : technical report of the Critical Trends Assessment Project. Man; Pollution; Environmental protection; Ecology; Environmental impact analysis. WETLANDS CO c I c o. t^ococ\jiflcoco Tfir>i^r~"*mmiocor*-r'^co C0C0C0C0OC0CT>0>0>O0>0>0> Year Figure 34. Percentage of non-native plant species in the Illinois flora, 1846 to 1988. commonly invades bogs, fens, and sedge meadows (Heidorn 1991). The starling, a species of bird intro- duced from Europe and now a pest in North America, is the primary dispersal agent of gloss
. The changing Illinois environment : critical trends : technical report of the Critical Trends Assessment Project. Man; Pollution; Environmental protection; Ecology; Environmental impact analysis. WETLANDS CO c I c o. t^ococ\jiflcoco Tfir>i^r~"*mmiocor*-r'^co C0C0C0C0OC0CT>0>0>O0>0>0> Year Figure 34. Percentage of non-native plant species in the Illinois flora, 1846 to 1988. commonly invades bogs, fens, and sedge meadows (Heidorn 1991). The starling, a species of bird intro- duced from Europe and now a pest in North America, is the primary dispersal agent of glossy buckthorn fruits (Howell and Blackwell 1977). Once glossy buckthorn invades a natural wetland, it forms dense shrub thickets that overtop native shrubs and herbs, thereby decreasing the native biological diversity of the wetland (Taft and Solecki 1990, Heidorn 1991). Control methods for glossy buckthorn are labor intensive (Heidorn 1991), and the total infested acreage that can be treated using these methods is limited. WETLAND ANIMALS IN ILLINOIS Distribution, Diversity, and Abundance The plant and animal communities found in wetlands are extremely complex and are intertwined through food webs and nutrient cycles. Wetlands abound with animal life. High proportions of bird, mammal, amphibian, and reptile species depend upon or utilize wetland habitats in Illinois (Figure 41). There is some degree of subjectivity in identifying animals as wetland species. Some wetland animal species are exclusively limited to wetlands, others may occur in upland or wetland habitats, and some may predominantly inhabit uplands. Birds. Birds are unique among wetland inhabitants because many arc migratory and rely on widely. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Illinois. Dept. of Energy and Natural Resources; Critica
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