. The boy travellers in the Russian empire: adventures of two youths in a journey in European and Asiatic Russia, with accounts of a tour across acknowledged that he was an accomplished leader both in a mili-tary and political sense. When he surrendered, in 1859, the Emperor in-vited him to St. Petersburg, and gave him a residence at Kalooga, with ahandsome pension. He was made a regular guest at court, was treatedwith great distinction, and soon became as ardent in the support of Russiaas he had formerly been in opposing her. He was placed in command ofthe Emperors body-guard, whic


. The boy travellers in the Russian empire: adventures of two youths in a journey in European and Asiatic Russia, with accounts of a tour across acknowledged that he was an accomplished leader both in a mili-tary and political sense. When he surrendered, in 1859, the Emperor in-vited him to St. Petersburg, and gave him a residence at Kalooga, with ahandsome pension. He was made a regular guest at court, was treatedwith great distinction, and soon became as ardent in the support of Russiaas he had formerly been in opposing her. He was placed in command ofthe Emperors body-guard, which he organized from the warriors that hadformerly served under him. Schamyl died in 1871, but the organization 184 THE BOY TRAVELLERS IN THE RUSSL\N EMPIRE. of tlie guard was continued. It is whispered that the Circassians havebeen replaced by Russians who wear the old uniform; but certainly, toall outward appearances, the guard remains the same. At any rate it ispicturesque, and that is an important consideration. The crowd that lined the sidewalk was kept well in hand by the po-lice. The shopkeeper said that any man who tried to break through the. BATTLE BETWEEN RUSSIANS AND CIRCASSIANS. line would be arrested at once; and no doubt the knowledge of this ruleserved materially to preserve order. Russian policemen are not to betrifled with. The route that the Emperor is to take when riding out is never knownin these latter days, through fear of plots against his life. The precautionis a very proper one, but it requires a large police force to guard all the HOW THE POLICE KEEP ORDER. 185 avenues and streets by wliicli he may pass. Orders are sent for the policeto prepare three or four routes, one only being traversed, and the directionis not given to the leader of the escort until the Emperor is seated in thecarriage. Sometimes none of the routes which have been guarded aretaken, and the Emperor enjoys a ride with nothing but his escort for hisprotection. It is said the Czar is a


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