. Bacteriological methods in food and drugs laboratories : with an introduction to micro-analytical methods . Bacteriology; Food; Drugs. FERMENTED FOODS AND DRINKS 215 at 10° C. and are killed at a temperature above 35° C. The so-called mother of vinegar consists of an agglutinated mass of Mycoderma aceti and is used as a starter in the manufacture of vinegar. Thus far it has not been possible to isolate the vinegar ferment or enzyme from the hving cells which form it. There are also acids of nonalcoholic origin formed by living ferments, such as oxalic acid, malic acid, citric acid and others
. Bacteriological methods in food and drugs laboratories : with an introduction to micro-analytical methods . Bacteriology; Food; Drugs. FERMENTED FOODS AND DRINKS 215 at 10° C. and are killed at a temperature above 35° C. The so-called mother of vinegar consists of an agglutinated mass of Mycoderma aceti and is used as a starter in the manufacture of vinegar. Thus far it has not been possible to isolate the vinegar ferment or enzyme from the hving cells which form it. There are also acids of nonalcoholic origin formed by living ferments, such as oxalic acid, malic acid, citric acid and others,. Fig. 72.—^Types of yeast organisms and yeast sporulation. A, Saccharomyces pasteurianus showing spore formation in fours and eights (after Bioletti); B, Sckizosaccharomyces octosporus, showing simple septation instead of budding, and spore formation {after Schionning); C, Saccharomyces anomalus, vegetative cells and spore sacs.—[Marshall, after Kayser.) which appear to be derived from the direct fermentation of sugars. Citric acid is formed from sugars through the activity of two fungi, Citromyces pfefferianus and C. glaber. Saccharo- myces hansenii forms oxalic acid from mannit and galactose, with- out the intermediary alcohol formation. The following are the more important products in which there is alcohol formation through the action of yeast Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Schneider, Albert, 1863-1928. Philadelphia : P. Blakiston's Son & Co.
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