Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . d landlords from the burdenof maintenance of schools and of teachers salaries, and laid thison the general community. The religious difficulty was solvedby neither prescribing nor proscribing, all being left to the arbit-rament of the local ballot. The Presbyterian churches practicallywithdrew from the field, so that the Voluntary schools difficultyhas no existence in Scotland. All parties find in the cumula
Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . d landlords from the burdenof maintenance of schools and of teachers salaries, and laid thison the general community. The religious difficulty was solvedby neither prescribing nor proscribing, all being left to the arbit-rament of the local ballot. The Presbyterian churches practicallywithdrew from the field, so that the Voluntary schools difficultyhas no existence in Scotland. All parties find in the cumulativevote a tempting instrument for keeping alive sectarian ambitionand jealousies. The old system had broken down most seriousljin the larger towns, and here the secondary education, long SCOTLAXD. 875 1885) supplied bv <^ran)inar schools, soon found itself in competitionwith that developed by the Act. To remedy this the EndowedSchools Act (18H2) seciued for secondary education enormousfunds, the fruit of ages of pious bequest, thus handing over tothe well-to-do what had in most cases been designed for thepoor and needv. The Act of ISiiS enormously stimnhiled the higher learning. .1,\Ni^ii\v rxuKustrv on lines laid down by Dr. Chalmers in his evidence l)cforo the Univer(-onnnissiou of LS2S, but (lid little to remove the weakest point ^^^^^^in the Scotch University system, the preponderance of jiro-fessorial lecturing over teaching. The later Act of LSflO haseffected radical changes in the constitution of the most notable academic event of the time was the removalof Glasgow College from its old and limited site in the heartof the city to the conuuanding eminence of Gilmour Hill(1860), at a total cost of little short of half a million. In thesame year Edini)urgh .Medical School was successfully stormedat last bv five women students. 876 THE SUCCESSIOX OF THE DEMOCRACY. PublicHealtlj. Industry. [1865 Under the Act of 18(37, amended 1879, rural and urban sani-ta
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