. Ridpath's Universal history : an account of the origin, primitive condition and ethnic development of the great races of mankind, and of the principal events in the evolution and progress of the civilized life among men and nations, from recent and authentic sources with a preliminary inquiry on the time, place and manner of the beginning . led with the aboriginal races, andgreat stretches of plain and desertmight be found unpeopled by humanbeings. NORTHERN ABORIGINES.—SHOSHONES. 513 The Shoshones were divided, first ofall, into the Shoshones proper and theother cahfor- Pawnee family, to whi
. Ridpath's Universal history : an account of the origin, primitive condition and ethnic development of the great races of mankind, and of the principal events in the evolution and progress of the civilized life among men and nations, from recent and authentic sources with a preliminary inquiry on the time, place and manner of the beginning . led with the aboriginal races, andgreat stretches of plain and desertmight be found unpeopled by humanbeings. NORTHERN ABORIGINES.—SHOSHONES. 513 The Shoshones were divided, first ofall, into the Shoshones proper and theother cahfor- Pawnee family, to whichnians; the Paw- w j already referred. nees and Rica- J rees. Of the former, there were the Western Shoshones, oceupyingparts of Oregon and Idaho; the Ban-nacks, dwelling in Idaho and in adjacentparts of Nevada and Oregon ; the Utahs,or Utes, holding Western Colorado,Utah, the greater part of Nevada, Ari- graded and savage. Some of them wereas near the earth as any of the nativebarbarians of these eonti- Degradation ofncnts. It is to many of these ££££!oftribes, as well as to the , that the term Digger is ap-plied. This epithet, referring originallyto the fact that the people so designatedprocured their subsistence by diggingnatural products, as roots, etc., from theearth, has become almost ethnic in its. DIGGER TYPES.—Engraved by Sargent. zona, and a part of Southern Califor-nia ; the Comanches, in Northern Texas,New Mexico, and Northern Mexico; theMoquis, of New Mexico; the Diegue-nos, holding the coast in SouthwesternCalifornia; together with several otherobscure divisions of the race. Of thePawnees, there were the Pawnees prop-er, of the Kansas and Pawnee reserves;the Ricarees, having their native seatsin Texas and Western Louisiana; alsosome smaller tribes. The general condition of these races,like that of the Californians, was de- 33 sense. A large number of the tribes inthis part of the country are called Dig-gers, and the word carries wi
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