First lesson in zoology : adapted for use in schools . European Wildcat. with their sharp cusps, like the teeth of a saw, serve to cutthe food which is swallowed in large pieces. The skeleton of the cat (Pig. 227) differs in two impor-tant respects from that of reptiles and birds. The skullhas two occipital condyles instead of one, and the lower jawis directly connected with the skull. It will also be seenthat the brain-cavity is much larger in proportion to therest of the skull than in birds; the brain itself, particularlythe hemispheres (Fig. 230), being very much larger, thelatter forming t
First lesson in zoology : adapted for use in schools . European Wildcat. with their sharp cusps, like the teeth of a saw, serve to cutthe food which is swallowed in large pieces. The skeleton of the cat (Pig. 227) differs in two impor-tant respects from that of reptiles and birds. The skullhas two occipital condyles instead of one, and the lower jawis directly connected with the skull. It will also be seenthat the brain-cavity is much larger in proportion to therest of the skull than in birds; the brain itself, particularlythe hemispheres (Fig. 230), being very much larger, thelatter forming the bulk of the brain. Other differences between birds and cats (and all other 222 FIE8T LESSONS IN ZOOLOGY. mammals) are the presence in the cat of a circular musclecalled the diaphragm (Fig. 238, di), which divides thebody-caTity into two compartments, the thoracic cavity andthe abdominal cavity; in the former lie the heart and lungs,and in the latter the stomach and intestines. In the birdthe aorta, or great artery given ofE by the heart, turns to. Fis. 228.—n, brain and spinal marrow contained within the skiiU and backbone,which are deep black; st, breastbone; d d, alimentary canal; s, stomach; h,heart; c c, great blood-vessels; it, bladder; sy, chain of sympathetic ganglia;di, diaphragm, the right, but in the cat to the left. And then there aremany other differences, in most of which the cat shows itssuperiority both to the reptile and to the bird. Fig. 239 illustrates the general anatomy of the cat; the skin andright half of the body-wall having been removed. The body-cavity isdivided into an anterior and posterior division by a transverse archedpartition, the diaphragm (D), composed of a thicljer peripheral mus-cular portion and a thinner central tendinous part. Through the lat-ter pass the great blood-vessels and the oesophagus. The anteriorchamber is the thorax or pleural cavity, and contains the respiratoryorgans and heart. To show these, the right lung has been remo
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectzoology, bookyear1894
