. Pathogenic microörganisms; a practical manual for students, physicians, and health officers . thecarriers of the infection, whilethe location of the diseasepointed to the respiratorytract as the location of, andto the expectoration as thechief source of infection by,the microorganisms. After numerous unsuccessfulattempts, during the epidemicof 1889 and succeeding years,to discover the specific causeof influenza, Pfeiffer (1892)succeeded in isolating andgrowing upon blood agar abacillus which abounded inthe purulent bronchial secretion of patients suffering from epidemicinfluenza, which he s
. Pathogenic microörganisms; a practical manual for students, physicians, and health officers . thecarriers of the infection, whilethe location of the diseasepointed to the respiratorytract as the location of, andto the expectoration as thechief source of infection by,the microorganisms. After numerous unsuccessfulattempts, during the epidemicof 1889 and succeeding years,to discover the specific causeof influenza, Pfeiffer (1892)succeeded in isolating andgrowing upon blood agar abacillus which abounded inthe purulent bronchial secretion of patients suffering from epidemicinfluenza, which he showed was the probable cause of the , working at the same time, found a similar bacillus in the bloodof several cases of the disease. Though B. influenzcB has been shownto have definite pathogenic powers, its specificity in epidemic influenzahas not been fully proved. Morphology.—Very small, moderately thick bacilli ( to )in thickness to to 2/i in length), usually occurring singly or unitedin pairs, and occasionally showing threads, are found in spreads from the. Fig. 143.—Influenza bacilli. X 1100 diameters. THE INFLUENZA BACILLUS 409 sputum and young cultures. In later cultures threads may be producedin great abundance. No capsule has been demonstrated. Staining.—The bacillus stains rather faintly with the ordinary anilinecolors—best with dilute Ziehls solution (water 9 parts to Ziehls solu-tion 1 part), or Lofflers methylene-blue solution, with heat. Giemsasmethod stains them well and brings out the polar granules whichsometimes develop in these bacilli. They are not stained by Cramsmethod. Biology.—^An aerobic, facultative anaerobic (contrary to the acceptedopinion), non-motile bacillus; does not form spores; no growth occurswith most cultures below 22° C, or above 41° C. Cultivation.—This bacillus is best cultivated at 37° C, and on ordinarynutrient culture media containing hemoglobin (p. 103). At the endof eighteen hours in the
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