Practical sanitation; a handbook for sanitary inspectors and others;with apxon Sanitary law, by Herbert Manley . drains should, as far as possible, be avoided ; whenthey are unavoidable, the curve ought to be an easy one. Pipeswith easy bends are made, and should always be used whenbends are necessary (Fig. 32, B), although it is a common practiceto use straight pipes for the purpose. The effect of such a pro-ceeding is shown by the accompanying sketch (Fig. 32, A). Notonly are objectionable angles formed at the junctions of thepipes, which tend to interfere with the easy flow of sewage; butwh
Practical sanitation; a handbook for sanitary inspectors and others;with apxon Sanitary law, by Herbert Manley . drains should, as far as possible, be avoided ; whenthey are unavoidable, the curve ought to be an easy one. Pipeswith easy bends are made, and should always be used whenbends are necessary (Fig. 32, B), although it is a common practiceto use straight pipes for the purpose. The effect of such a pro-ceeding is shown by the accompanying sketch (Fig. 32, A). Notonly are objectionable angles formed at the junctions of thepipes, which tend to interfere with the easy flow of sewage; butwhat is still more important, the impossibility of accuratelyadjusting the spigot end of one pipe into the socket of the next,in the case of straight pipes laid otherwise than in a straightline, necessitates an imperfect joint being made. In connecting a branch drain with a main drain easy bendsshould be used (Fig. 33), but, when it is necessary to departfrom the straight line in the case of the drain itself, or in thecase of sewers, by far the best proceeding is to construct a man* 6 82 PRACTICAL Fig. 32. Fig. 33. hole at the point where the curve occurs, in a manner to bepresently described. Indeed, whenever practicable, all tributarydrains and sewers should join the main drain or sewer, as thecase may be, at a manhole, so as to facilitate inspection andcleansing. Inspection pipes of various kinds are made, and ought to beintroduced at the top end of all branch drains, particularly whenthey are laid in concrete. The necessity for breaking into a drain,should it become obstructed, is thus avoided, as the clearing rodmay be introduced at the openiDg provided. Perhaps the simplest method, and one which does not entailany disturbance of the surface, is to introduce what would corre-spond to a V-shaped straight junction with the opening directedupwards (Fig. 34), to which a pipe, leading from the surface ofthe ground is connected, and along which a rod may be
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectsanitat, bookyear1904
